Terra Mariana: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{terjemah}}
{{Infobox Former Country |native_name = ''Terra Mariana'' <small>[[Latin|la]]</small>
|conventional_long_name = Livonia
Baris 63 ⟶ 64:
* [[Keuskupan Ösel-Wiek]]
* Administrasi militer [[Livonian Brothers of the Sword]] {{#tag:ref|William of Modena divided Livonia among the three bishoprics-Riga, Dorpat [Tartu], and Ösel-Wiek [Saaremaa-Läänemaa]-and the Order of Swordbrothers.<ref name=WU>{{cite web |url=http://www.the-orb.net/encyclop/religion/crusades/cruurban.html |title=An Historical Overview of the Crusade to Livonia |author=by William Urban |date= |work= |publisher=ORB |accessdate=29 May 2011}}</ref>|group=nb}}
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Setelah tahun 1236 [[Pertempuran Saule]] the surviving members of the brothers merged in 1237 with the [[Teutonic Order]] of Prussia and became known as the [[Livonian Order]]. In 1346 the order bought [[Danish Estonia]]. Throughout the existence of medieval Livonia there was a constant struggle over the supremacy of ruling the lands by the Church, the Order, the secular German nobility and the citizens of the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] towns of [[Riga]] and [[Reval]]. Following its defeat in the [[Battle of Grunwald]] in 1410 the Teutonic Order and the [[State of the Teutonic Order|Ordenstaat]] fell into decline but the Livonian Order managed to maintain its independent existence. In 1561, during the [[Livonian war]], Terra Mariana ceased to exist.<ref name="EA"/> Its northern parts were ceded to [[Swedish empire|Sweden]] and formed into the [[Swedish Estonia|Duchy of Estonia]], its southern territories became part of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] — and thus eventually of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] as the [[Duchy of Livonia]] and [[Duchy of Courland and Semigallia]]. The island of [[Saaremaa]] became part of [[Denmark]].
Baris 113 ⟶ 114:
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==Lihat juga==
* [[Kerajaan Livonia]]
* [[Ikšķile|Üxküll (Ikšķile)]]
* [[Perang salib Utara]]
==Catatan==
Baris 132 ⟶ 128:
{{Negara-negara Tentara Salib}}
{{sejarah-stub}}
[[Kategori:Sejarah Estonia]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Latvia]]
[[cs:Terra Mariana]]
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