Nebula planeter: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 10:
==Referensi==
{{Reflist|colwidth=25em}}
==Sumber==
{{Refbegin|2}}
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| first2 = Siek
| year = 2003
| series = Planetary Nebulae: Their Evolution and Role in the Universe
| journal = Proceedings of the 209th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union
| date = 19–23 November 2001
| publication-place = Canberra, Australia
| editor1-last = Kwok
| editor1-first = Sun
| editor2-last = Dopita
| editor2-first = Michael
| editor3-last = Sutherland
| editor3-first = Ralph
| publisher = Astronomical Society of the Pacific
| volume = 209
| page = 15
| origyear = 2001
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| volume = 39
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| bibcode = 1927PASP...39..295B
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| bibcode = 2009NewA...14..654F
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| first1 = Adam
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| journal = New Astronomy
| volume = 14
| issue = 8
| pages = 654–8
| quote = A planetary nebula (PN) is an expanding ionized circumstellar cloud that was ejected during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase of the stellar progenitor.
| doi = 10.1016/j.newast.2009.03.006
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| title = Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) Observations of Planetary Nebulae
| journal = Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
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* {{citation
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* {{citation
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| title = Planetary Nebulae: New Challenges in the 21st Century
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| date = December 2005
| title = Discovery of Multiple Coaxial Rings in the Quadrupolar Planetary Nebula NGC 6881
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| volume = 635
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| quote = We report the discovery of multiple two-dimensional rings in the quadrupolar planetary nebula NGC 6881. As many as four pairs of rings are seen in the bipolar lobes, and three rings are seen in the central torus. While the rings in the lobes have the same axis as one pair of the bipolar lobes, the inner rings are aligned with the other pair. The two pairs of bipolar lobes are likely to be carved out by two separate high-velocity outflows from the circumstellar material left over from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) wind. The two-dimensional rings could be the results of dynamical instabilities or the consequence of a fast outflow interacting with remnants of discrete AGB circumstellar shells.
}}
* {{citation
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| year = 2006
| series = Planetary Nebulae in our Galaxy and Beyond
| editor1-last = Barlow
| editor3-first = Roberto H.
| editor2-last = Méndez
| place = Cambridge
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| pages = 445–6
| doi = 10.1017/S1743921306003668
| quote = Planetary nebulae (PNs) have high dust content and radiate strongly in the infrared. For young PNs, the dust component accounts for ∼1/3 of the total energy output of the nebulae (Zhang & Kwok 1991). The typical color temperatures of PNs are between 100 and 200 K, and at λ >5 μm, dust begins to dominate over bound-free emission from the ionized component. Although PNs are traditionally discovered through examination of photographic plates or Hα surveys, PNs can also be identified in infrared surveys by searching for red objects with a rising spectrum between 4-10 μm.
| issue = S234
| journal = Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Symposium #234
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| volume = 2
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| title = NGC 6153: a super–metal–rich planetary nebula?
| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume = 312
| issue = 3
| pages = 585–628
| doi = 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03167.x
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| date = October 2009
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| volume = 45
| pages = 127–37
| quote = These objects are produced by low and intermediate mass stars, with main sequence masses roughly between 0.8 and 8 M<sub>⊙</sub>, and present a reasonably large age and metallicity spread.
}}
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{{Refend}}
==Pranala luar==
* {{en}} [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/P/planneb.html Entry in the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight]
* {{en}} [http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/cycle1/1220/index.html Press release on recent observations of the Cat's Eye Nebula]
* {{en}} [http://www.seds.org/messier/planetar.html Planetary Nebulae], SEDS Messier Pages
* {{en}} [http://www.spacedaily.com/news/stellar-chemistry-05a.html The first detection of magnetic fields in the central stars of four planetary nebulae]
* {{en}} [http://www.nightskyinfo.com/planetary_nebulae Planetary Nebulae—Information and amateur observations]
* {{en}} [http://xstructure.inr.ac.ru/x-bin/theme3.py?level=1&index1=38478 Planetary nebula on arxiv.org]
[[Kategori:Nebula]]
[[en:planetary nebula]]
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