Damaskus: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Damaskus''' (atau '''Damsyik'''; '''{{lang-ar|دمشق}}''', {{ArTranslit|Dimasyiq}}, juga disebut '''الشام''' '''asy-Syām''') adalah ibukota dan kota terbesar di [[Suriah]]. Kota ini merupakan salah satu [[Daftar kota yang selalu dihuni tertua|kota yang selalu dihuni tertua di dunia]], selain [[Al-Fayyum]], dan [[Gaziantep]]. Populasinya saat ini diperkirakan sekitar 3.67 juta jiwa.
== Etimologi ==
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Nama '''Damsyik''' pertama Kali muncul dalam daftar geografi raja [[Thutmose III]] sebagai '''T-m-ś-q''' pada abad ke-15 SM.<ref>List I, 13 in J. Simons, ''Handbook for the Study of Egyptian Topographical Lists relating to Western Asia'', Leiden 1937. See also Y. AHARONI, ''The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography'', London 1967, p147, No. 13.</ref>
[[Etimologi]] nama kuno "T-m-ś-q" tidak jelas, diduga pre-Semitik. Ditulis sebagai ''Dimašqa'' dalam [[bahasa Akkadia]], ''T-ms-ḳw'' dalam [[bahasa Mesir]], ''{{Transl|sem|Dammaśq}}'' ({{lang|arc|דמשק}}) dalam [[bahasa Aram]] kuno dan ''Damesyeq'' ({{lang|he|דמשק}}) dalam [[bahasa Ibrani]]. EjaanAkkadian dijumpai dalam [[Surat-surat Amarna]], dari abad ke-14 SM.
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Later [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] spellings of the name often include an intrusive ''[[resh]]'' (letter ''r''), mungkin influenced by the root ''dr'', meaning "dwelling". Thus, the [[Qumran]]ic ''Darmeśeq'' ({{lang|arc|דרמשק}}), and ''Darmsûq'' ({{lang|syr|ܕܪܡܣܘܩ}}) in [[Syriac language|Syriac]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-097X%28198805%290%3A270%3C97%3AADAHSO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-S |title=(in Book Reviews) ''Ancient Damascus: A Historical Study of the Syrian City-State from Earliest Times Until Its Fall to the Assyrians in 732 BC.'', Wayne T. Pitard. Review author: Paul E. Dion, ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'', No. 270, Ancient Syria. (May, 1988), p. 98 |publisher=Links.jstor.org |date= |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-097X%28197202%290%3A205%3C36%3ATSDTMB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9 |title=''The Stele Dedicated to Melcarth by Ben-Hadad of Damascus'', Frank Moore Cross. ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'', No. 205. (Feb., 1972), p. 40 |publisher=Links.jstor.org |date= |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref> The English and [[Latin]] name of the city is "Damascus" which was imported from {{lang-el|Δαμασκός}}, which originated in [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]: דרמשק; "a well-watered place".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Damascus |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |publisher=Etymonline.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Damascus |title=Damascus – Wiktionary |publisher=En.wiktionary.org |date=2010-05-09 |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref> In [[Arabic language|Arabic]], the city is called ''Dimashqu-sh-Shām'' (دمشق الشام), although this is often shortened to either ''Dimashq'' or ''ash-Shām'' by the citizens of Damascus, of Syria and other Arab neighbors. ''Ash-Shām'' is an Arabic term for "north" and for "Syria"; the latter, and particularly historical [[Greater Syria]], is called ''Bilādu-sh-Shām'' (بلاد الشام / "tanah utara").
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{{Infobox World Heritage Site
|WHS = Kota Kuno Damaskus
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