Robert Gates: Perbedaan antara revisi

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|author=
|work=BBC News
|date=[[18 Desember]] [[2006]]|accessdate=2006-12-18}}</ref> Sebelumnya, Gates berdinas selama 26 tahun di [[Dinas Intelijen Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Dewan Keamanan Nasional Amerika Serikat|Dewan Keamanan Nasional]]. Kemudian, dan di bawah [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[George H. W. Bush]] menunjuknya sebagai [[Direktur CIA]]. SelepasSetelah meninggalkan CIA, Gates menjabat presiden [[Universitas Texas A&M]] dan menjadi anggota dari beberapa [[Dewan direktur]] [[perusahaan]]. Gates juga menjabat sebagai salah satu anggota dari komisi bipartisan yang dipimpin oleh [[James A. Baker III]], [[Kelompok Studi Irak]], yang telah mempelajari perang di Irak. Ia juga menjadi pilihan pertama untuk menjadi menteri [[Departemen Keamanan Dalam Negeri]] ketika departemen itu dibentuk setelah [[Serangan 11 September 2001]], tetapi ia menolak pengangkatan itu agar ia dapat tetap menjabat sebagai presiden Texas A&M.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6460623
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and was a member of several [[Corporation|corporate]] [[Board of directors|boards]]. Gates also served as a member of the bipartisan commission headed by [[James A. Baker III]], the [[Iraq Study Group]], that has studied the [[Iraq War|Iraq campaign]]. He was also the first pick to serve as Secretary of the [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security]] when it was created following the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], but he declined the appointment in order to remain President of Texas A&M.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6460623
|title=Gates' Government Intelligence Experience Runs Deep
|publisher=National Public Radio
|date=November 9, November 2006
|accessdate=9 Nov. 2006-11-09}}</ref>
 
<!--==Early life and education==
A native of [[Wichita, Kansas]], Gates attained the rank of [[Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)|Eagle Scout]] in the [[Boy Scouts of America]] and is a recipient of the [[Distinguished Eagle Scout Award]] from the Boy Scouts of America. He graduated from [[Wichita East High School]] in 1961, reportedly with straight As. [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/19/washington/19gates.html] Gates then won a scholarship to attend the [[College of William and Mary]] where he graduated in 1965 with a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in European history. At [[College of William and Mary|William & Mary]], Gates was an active member and president of the [[Alpha Phi Omega]] (the national service fraternity) Chapter and the [[Young Republicans]]; he was also the business manager for the ''[[William and Mary Review]],'' a literary and art magazine.<ref>Whitson, Brian. "[http://www.wm.edu/news/index.php?id=6992 Gates ('65) nominated as defense secretary]." ''[[College of William and Mary]].'' [[November 9]] [[2006]]. Retrieved on [[November 9]] [[2006]].</ref> At his [[College of William and Mary|William & Mary]] graduation ceremony, Gates received the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award naming him the graduate that "has made the greatest contribution to his fellow man." [http://news.yahoo.com/s/usnews/20061110/ts_usnews/factsaboutrobertgates] [http://www.wm.edu/news/index.php?id=6992] Gates then went on to receive a [[master's degree]] in [[history]] from [[Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]] in [[1966]], and a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in Russian and Soviet history from [[Georgetown University]] in [[1974]]. He received an L.H.D. (Doctor of Humane Letters) in 1998 from his alma mater, [[College of William and Mary|William & Mary]].