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Baris 1: {{recent death\|Ritchie, Dennis MacAlistair}} {{Infobox Scientist \| name = Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie \| image = Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie .jpg \| image_size = 260px \| caption = Dennis Ritchie pada tahun 1999 \| birth_date = {{birth date\|1941\|9\|9}} \| birth_place = [[Bronxville]], [[New York]], [[Amerika Serikat]] \| death_date = {{death date and age\|2011\|10\|9\|1941\|9\|9}} \| death_place = [[Murray Hill]], [[New Jersey]], [[Amerika Serikat]] \| residence = \| citizenship = \| nationality = \| ethnicity = \| field = [[Ilmu komputer]] \| work_institutions = [[Lucent Technologies]]<br>[[Bell Labs]] \| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]] \| doctoral_advisor = \| doctoral_students = \| known_for = [[ALTRAN]]<br>[[bahasa pemrograman B\|B]]<br>[[BCPL]]<br>[[bahasa pemrograman C\|C]]<br>[[Multics]]<br>[[Unix]] \| prizes = [[Turing Award]]<br>[[National Medal of Technology]] \| footnotes = }} '''Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie''' ({{lahirmati\|\|9\|9\|1941\|\|9\|10\|2011}})<ref name="BBC">{{cite web \|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-15287391 \|title=Unix creator Dennis Ritchie dies aged 70 \|date=2011-10-13 \|accessdate=2011-10-13 \|publisher=BBC News }}</ref> adalah seorang [[Ilmu komputer\|ilmuwan komputer]] yang dikenal atas sumbangsihnya membuat [[bahasa pemrograman]] [[bahasa pemrograman C\|C]] dan berbagai [[sistem operasi]] seperti [[Multics]] dan [[Unix]]. Ritchie menerima penghargaan [[Turing Award]] pada tahun 1983 dan National Medal of Technology 1998 pada 21 April 1999. Ia menjabat sebagai kepala Departemen Riset [[Perangkat lunak sistem\|Perangkat lunak Sistem]] di [[Lucent Technologies]] saat pensiun pada tahun 2007. ~~[[Berkas:Ken n dennis.jpg\|bing\|[[Ken Thompson]] (kiri) bersama Dennis Ritchie (kanan)]]~~ ==Latar belakang== '''Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie''' (lahir [[9 September]] [[1941]], meninggal 8 Oktober [[2011]]) adalah seorang ilmuwan komputer yang dikenal lewat bahasa pemrograman [[ALTRAN]], [[bahasa pemrograman B\|B]], [[BCPL]], [[bahasa pemrograman C\|C]], [[Multics]], dan [[Unix]]. Ritchie lahir di [[Bronxville, New York\|Bronxville]], [[New York]]. Pendidikan sarjana diraihnya dari [[Harvard]] di bidang [[fisika]] dan [[matematika terapan]]. Pada tahun [[1967]], Ritchie mulai bekerja di [[Bell Labs\|Bell Labs' Computing Sciences Research Center]], kemudian di [[Lucent Technologies]] hingga ia pensiun pada tahun 2007. Pada tahun 1968, Ritchie mendapatkan gelar doktor Ph.D. dari Harvard.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=155881 \|title=Dennis M. Ritchie \|publisher=Mathematics Genealogy Project}}</ref> Ritchie (bersama [[Ken Thompson]]) menerima penghargaan [[Turing Award]] pada tahun 1983 dan National Medal of Technology 1998 pada 21 April 1999. Pada tahun 1988, Ritchie terpilih menjadi anggota [[National Academy of Engineering]] atas jasanya dalam "development of the 'C' programming language and for co-development of the UNIX operating system."<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.members.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/Members+By+UNID/E1D7128BC73E8C0E8625755200622B73?opendocument \|title=National Academy of Engineering : Members Directory – Dr. Dennis M. Ritchie}}</ref> ==Bahasa C dan Unix==▼ Ritchie lahir di [[Bronxville, New York\|Bronxville]], [[New York]]. Pendidikan sarjana diraihnya dari [[Harvard]] di bidang [[fisika]] dan [[matematika terapan]]. Pada tahun [[1967]], ia mulai bekerja di [[Bell Labs\|Bell Labs' Computing Sciences Research Center]]; dan saat ini ia bekerja sebagai kepala [[Lucent Technologies\|Lucent Technologies' System Software Research Department]]. Pada tahun [[1983]], Ritchie bersama [[Ken Thompson]] menerima penghargaan [[Turing award]] atas jasanya dalam pengembangan teori [[sistem operasi]] dan khususnya atas implementasi sistem operasi [[UNIX]]. Ritchie dikenal sebagai pembuat [[bahasa pemrograman]] [[bahasa pemrograman C\|C]], pengembang utama [[sistem operasi]], dan sebagai salah satu dari penulis (bersama [[Brian Kernighan]]) buku "kamus bahasa C," ''The C Programming Language''. Penemuan bahasa C dan pengembangan [[Unix]] menjadikan Ricthie dan [[Ken Thompson]] sebagai pionir utama dunia komputasi modern. Bahasa C hingga kini masih digunakan secara luas dalam program aplikasi, sistem operasi, pengembangan [[sistem benam]], dan pengaruhnya dalam bahasa pemrograman modern lain. Sedangkan Unix juga telah memberikan pengaruh besar, membangun konsep dan prinsip dalam dunia komputasi masa kini. ~~<!--~~ ▲==C dan Unix== ==Penghargaan== When asked what influenced him in developing C in the manner he did, Ritchie has been [[quotation \| quoted]] to have said that it "looked like a good thing to do", and that anyone else in the same place at the same time would have done the same thing. Many, however, have said that this is part of Ritchie's modest personality. One of his Bell Labs colleagues, [[Bjarne Stroustrup]], who developed and designed the [[C++]] programming language, an object oriented version of C, has been quoted to have said that "If Dennis had decided to spend that decade on esoteric math, Unix would have been stillborn". Indeed, being the inventor of the C programming language, as well as co-inventor of the [[Unix]] operating system alongside [[Ken Thompson]], Ritchie has earned an important position in the history of the computer industry. C is still widely used today in application and [[operating system]] development and its influence can be seen in many more recent programming languages such as [[C++]], [[C Sharp\|C#]], [[Objective-C]], [[Java programming language\|Java]], and [[JavaScript]]. In the operating system world, [[Unix]] is also quite influential; there are many dialects of it available on the market today, such as [[AIX operating system\|AIX]], [[Solaris Operating Environment\|Solaris]], [[Mac OS X]], [[Berkeley Software Distribution \| BSD]], and similar systems like [[Minix]], as well as the popular [[Linux]] operating system. Indeed, even [[Microsoft]], whose [[Microsoft Windows\|Windows]] operating systems compete with Unix, has developed Unix compatibility tools and C compilers for users and developers of their products. [[Berkas:Medal lg.jpeg\|thumb\|200px\|[[Ken Thompson\|Thompson]] (kiri) dan Ritchie (tengah) menerima National Medal of Technology dari Presiden [[Bill Clinton\|Clinton]] pada tahun 1999.]] [[Berkas:Dennis_Ritchie_(right)_Receiving_Japan_Prize.jpeg\|thumb\|150px\|Ritchie (kanan) menerima penghagaan Japan Prize for Information and Communications pada tahun 2011 di kantor pusat [[Bell Labs]], [[Murray Hill]], [[New Jersey]].]] ===Turing Award=== Pada tahun 1983, Ritchie bersama [[Ken Thompson]] menerima penghargaan [[Turing Award]]<cite> atas jasa mereka dalam pengembangan teori sistem operasi dan khususnya atas implementasi sistem operasi Unix.</cite> Pada kesempatan tersebut, Ritchie memberikan kuliah yang berjudul "Reflections on Software Research".<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://awards.acm.org/images/awards/140/articles/2898606.pdf \|format=PDF \|title=Reflections on Software Research \|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref> ===IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal=== Dennis has also contributed to the two official successors of Unix and C: the [[Plan 9 (operating system)\|Plan 9]] operating system and the [[Limbo programming language]], both of which build upon his previous work. Pada tahun 1990, Ritchi dan Ken Thompson menerima [[IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal]] dari [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] (IEEE), "sebagai penggagas sistem operasi UNIX dan bahasa pemrograman C".<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ieee.org/documents/hamming_rl.pdf \|title=IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal Recipients \|publisher=[[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers\|IEEE]] \|accessdate=14 October 2011}}}</ref> ===National Medal of Technology=== Pada 21 April 1992, Ritchie dan Ken Thompson menerima [[National Medal of Technology]] 1998 dari Presiden [[Bill Clinton]] atas jasa mereka dalam menemukan sistem operasi UNIX dan bahasa pemrograman C yang telah menyebabkan pengaruh besar bagi perangkat keras komputer, perangkat lunak, dan sistem jaringan serta merangsang pertumbuhan industri sehingga membawa Amerika memimpin di Era Informasi.<ref name="NationalMedalAnnouncement">{{cite web \|url=http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1998/december/9/1.html \|title=Ritchie and Thompson [to] Get National Medal of Technology - Bell Labs pre-announcement \|publisher=Bell Labs press release}}</ref><ref name="NationalMedalPressRelease">{{cite web \|url=http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1999/april/28/1.html \|title=Ritchie and Thompson Receive National Medal of Technology from President Clinton \|publisher=Bell Labs press release}}</ref> ===Japan Prize=== Pada tahun 2011, Dennis Ritchie bersama [[Ken Thompson]] menerima penghargaan Japan Prize for Information and Communications atas jasa mereka sebagai pionir dalam pengembangan sistem operasi UNIX.<ref>{{cite web \|first=Evangelista \|last=Benny \|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/01/24/BUTI1HDJSA.DTL#ixzz1C5LtXdf3 \|title=Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie win Japan Prize \|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle \|date=25 January 2011 \|accessdate=14 October 2011}}</ref> ==Kematian== Dennis Ritchie meninggal duni pada 9 Oktober 2001 dalam usia 70 tahun setelah lama menderita sakit.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Gallagher\|first=Sean\|title=Dennis Ritchie, Father of C and Co-Developer of Unix, Dies\|url=http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/10/dennis-ritchie/\|accessdate=14 October 2011\|date=13 October 2011}}</ref><ref name="BBC" /><ref>{{cite web\|last=Binstock\|first=Andrew\|title=Dennis Ritchie, in Memoriam\|url=http://drdobbs.com/cpp/231900742?cid=DDJ_nl_upd_2011-10-13_h\|work=Dr. Dobb's Journal\|publisher=Dr. Dobb's Journal\|accessdate=14 October 2011}}</ref> ~~==Nicknames==~~ ~~Dennis Ritchie is often referred to as "'''DMR'''" in various [[Usenet]] [[newsgroup]]s (such as comp.lang.c); he is the "'''R'''" of the [[The C Programming Language (book)\|''K&R'']].~~ ~~-->~~ == Tulisan Ritchie == * ''[[The C Programming Language (book)\|The C Programming Language]]'' ([[1978]] bersama [[Brian Kernighan]] lihat [[K&R]]) Baris 22 ⟶ 56: == Kutipan == "I am not now, nor have I ever been, a member of the demigodic party."<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://groups.google.com/group/net.unix-wizards/msg/1c9d2e4c341f9b41\|title=Google Groups : net.unix-wizards\|date=1984-03-13}}</ref> "Usenet is a strange place."<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c/browse_frm/thread/d024a2f831f81e2c/465ede5dc776f39d?lnk=st&q=dmr+group%3Acomp.lang.c&rnum=4&hl=en#465ede5dc776f39d \| title = Google Groups : comp.lang.c\|date=2006-08-23}}</ref> "UNIX is very simple, it just needs a genius to understand its simplicity."<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/d/dennis_ritchie.html\|title=Brainy Quote.com}}</ref> "C is quirky, flawed, and an enormous success."<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html\|title=The Development of the C Language}}</ref> == Referensi == ~~''"I am not now, nor have I ever been, a member of the demigodic party."''{{br}}~~ {{reflist}} == Pranala luar ==

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