John Adams: Perbedaan antara revisi
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He was defeated for re-election in the "Revolution of 1800" by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. Adams was a sponsor of the [[American Revolution]] in [[Massachusetts]], and a diplomat in the 1770s. He was a driving force for independence in 1776; in fact, the "Colossus of Independence," in Jefferson's understanding. As a statesman and author Adams helped define a set of [[republicanism|republican ideals]] that became the core of America's political value system: the rejection of hereditary monarchy in favor of rule by the people, hatred of corruption, and devotion to civic duty. As President he was frustrated by battles inside his own [[United States Federalist Party|Federalist]] party against a faction led by [[Alexander Hamilton]], but he broke with them to avert a major conflict with France in 1798, during the [[Quasi-War]] crisis. He became the founder of an important family of politicians, diplomats and historians, and [[Historical rankings of United States Presidents|in recent years his reputation has been rising.]] Historian Robert Rutland concluded, ''"[[James Madison|Madison]] was the great intellectual ... [[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] the ... unquenchable idealist, and [[Benjamin Franklin|Franklin]] the most charming and versatile genius... but Adams is the most captivating founding father on most counts."''<ref>Ellis, p. 230.</ref>
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John Adams menjadi salah satu pemimpin gerakan kemerdekaan untuk membebaskan Amerika dari [[Inggris]].
Ia ikut menandatangani Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Amerika yang diumumkan pada [[4 Juli]] [[1776]]. Dalam perang kemerdekaan ia bertugas di Prancis dan negeri Belanda sebagai [[diplomat]] dan turut merundingkan perdamaian. Pada tahun 1788 sampai 1796, Ia menjadi Duta Amerika yang pertama untuk Inggris. Ia juga menjabat sebagai wakil presiden yang pertama dengan masa bakti 1789 sampai 1797.<ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnadams</ref>
Pada tahun [[1764]] ia menikah dengan Abigail Adams, dan dari pernikahannya ini ia memiliki 5 anak.
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: [[1 Oktober]], perjanjian rahasia ''Treaty of San Ildefonso'' (cedes) daerah [[Louisiana]] kepada Prancis. Perdamaian dengan Prancis di simpulkan dengan perjanjian ''Conventon of 1800''.
:[[1 November]] Adams pindah ke [[Gedung Putih]] yang masih belum selesai.
:[[17 November]] Kongres (covenes) di [[Washington, D.C.|Washington DC]] untuk pertama kalinya.
* [[1801]]
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