Hilal Subur: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[File:Maunsell's_map,_Pre-World_War_I_British_Ethnographical_Map_of_eastern_Turkey_in_Asia,_Syria_and_western_Persia_01.jpg|pra=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maunsell's_map,_Pre-World_War_I_British_Ethnographical_Map_of_eastern_Turkey_in_Asia,_Syria_and_western_Persia_01.jpg|jmpl|Peta Maunsell, sebuah Peta Etnografis Britania Praperang Dunia I yang menunjukkan daerah Hilal Subur]]

[[File:Diffusion_of_agriculture_from_the_Fertile_Crescent_after_9000_BC.jpg|pra=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Diffusion_of_agriculture_from_the_Fertile_Crescent_after_9000_BC.jpg|jmpl|Difusi pertanian dari Hilal Subur setelah tahun 9000 SM]]

 

Analisis modern<ref name="PNAS">{{cite journal|last1=Brace|first1=C. Loring|last2=Seguchi|first2=Noriko|last3=Quintyn|first3=Conrad B.|last4=Fox|first4=Sherry C.|last5=Nelson|first5=A. Russell|last6=Manolis|first6=Sotiris K.|last7=Qifeng|first7=Pan|year=2006|title=The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age to European craniofacial form|journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA]]|volume=103|issue=1|pages=242–247|bibcode=2006PNAS..103..242B|doi=10.1073/pnas.0509801102|pmc=1325007|pmid=16371462|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ricaut|first1=F. X.|last2=Waelkens|first2=M.|date=Aug 2008|title=Cranial Discrete Traits in a Byzantine Population and Eastern Mediterranean Population Movements|journal=[[Human Biology (journal)|Human Biology]]|volume=80|issue=5|pages=535–564|doi=10.3378/1534-6617-80.5.535|pmid=19341322|s2cid=25142338}}</ref> yang membandingkan 24 pengukuran kraniofasial menunjukkan tingkat keberagaman manusia yang tinggi dalam daerah Hilal Subur pada masa pra-[[Neolitikum]], [[Neolitikum]], dan [[zaman Perunggu]].<ref name="PNAS" /> Analisis ini mendukung anggapan bahwa terdapat beberapa jenis masyarakat manusia yang menduduki daerah ini pada masa-masa tersebut.<ref name="PNAS" /><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5003663/ Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East]</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Barker|first=G.|year=2002|title=Transitions to farming and pastoralism in North Africa|work=Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis|editor-last1=Bellwood|editor-first1=P.|pages=151–161|editor-last2=Renfrew|editor-first2=C.}}</ref><ref>Bar-Yosef O (1987), "Pleistocene connections between Africa and SouthWest Asia: an archaeological perspective", ''The African Archaeological Review''; Chapter 5, pp 29–38</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kislev|first1=ME|last2=Hartmann|first2=A|last3=Bar-Yosef|first3=O|year=2006|title=Early domesticated fig in the Jordan Valley|journal=Science|volume=312|issue=5778|pages=1372–1374|bibcode=2006Sci...312.1372K|doi=10.1126/science.1125910|pmid=16741119|s2cid=42150441}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lancaster|first=Andrew|year=2009|title=Y Haplogroups, Archaeological Cultures and Language Families: a Review of the Multidisciplinary Comparisons using the case of E-M35|url=http://www.jogg.info/51/files/Lancaster.pdf|journal=Journal of Genetic Genealogy|volume=5|issue=1}}</ref><ref>Findings include remains of food items carried to the [[Levant]] from [[North Africa]] —— [[Parthenocarpic]] [[Ficus|figs]] and [[Nile]] [[shellfish]] (please refer to [[Natufian culture#Long-distance exchange]]).</ref> Sebaliknya, pada masa yang sama, di daerah [[Basque]] dan [[Kepulauan Canaria]], anggapan tersebut sama sekali tidak berdasar karena berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat kuno di daerah itu "jelas-jelas terhubung dengan orang Eropa modern". Selain itu, meskipun ada beberapa ilmuwan yang berpendapat lain, tidak ada bukti penelitian yang menunjukkan pengaruh [[Cro-Magnon]].<ref name="PNAS" />