Temperatur dan tekanan standar: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Dalam [[kimia]] dan [[sains]] lainnya, istilah '''temperatur dan tekanan standar''' ([[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]: ''standard temperature and pressure'', disingkat ''STP'') adalah sebuah keadaan [[standar]] yang digunakan dalam pengukuran eksperimen. Standar ini digunakan agar setiap data dalam percobaan yang berbeda-beda dapat dibandingkan. Standar yang paling umum digunakan adalah standar [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]] dan [[National Institute of Standards and Technology|NIST]]. Terdapat juga variasi standar lainnya yang ditetapkan oleh organisasi-organisasi lainnya. Standar IUPAC sekarang ini adalah [[temperatur]] 0 °C (273,15 [[Kelvin|K]], 32 °F) dan [[tekanan absolut]] 100 [[kPa]] (14,504 [[psi]]),<ref name="IUPAC">{{cite book|author=
Dalam bidang [[industri]] dan [[komersial]], kondisi standar temperatur dan tekanan bisanya perlu disebutkan untuk merujuk pada kondisi referensi standar untuk mengekspresikan volume gas dan cairan dan kuantitas lainnya. Walapun begitu, kebanyakan publikasi teknis hanya menyatakan "kondisi standar" tanpa penjelasan lebih lanjut, sehingga menimbulkan kerancuan dan kesalahan.
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|align="center"|0||align="center"|101,325|| ||IUPAC (definisi lama),<ref name=IUPAC/> [[National Institute of Standards and Technology|NIST]],<ref name=NISTDataBase7>{{cite web |url=http://www.nist.gov/srd/WebGuide/nist7/07_2.htm |title=NIST Standard Reference Database 7 – NIST Electron and Positron Stopping Powers of Materials Database |accessdate=08-07-25 |author=[[NIST]] |year=1989 |quote=If you want the program to treat the material as an ideal gas, the density will be assumed given by M/V, where M is the gram molecular weight of the gas and V is the mol volume of 22414 cm<sup>3</sup> at standard conditions (0 deg C and 1 atm).}}</ref> ISO 10780<ref name=ISO10780>{{Citation |author=[[ISO]] | title=ISO 10780:1994 : Stationary source emissions - Measurement of velocity and volume flowrate of gas streams in ducts |year=1994 |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=18855}}</ref>
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|align="center"|15||align="center"|101,325||align="center"|0<ref name=Handbook>{{cite book|author=Robert C. Weast (Editor)|title=Handbook of Physics and Chemistry|edition=56th Edition|publisher=CRC Press|pages=pp. F201-F206|year=1975|id=ISBN 0-87819-455-X}}</ref><ref name=ISO13443>"Natural gas – Standard reference conditions", ISO 13443, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland [http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue.htm ISO Standards Catalogue]</ref>||[[ICAO]]'s [[International Standard Atmosphere|ISA]],<ref name=Handbook/> ISO 13443,<ref name=ISO13443/> [[European Environment Agency|EEA]],<ref name=EEA>"Extraction, First Treatment and Loading of Liquid & Gaseous Fossil Fuels", Emission Inventory Guidebook B521, Activities 050201 - 050303, September 1999, European Environmental Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark [http://reports.eea.eu.int/EMEPCORINAIR3/en/B521vs3.1.pdf Emission Inventory Guidebook]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> EGIA<ref name=EGIA>"Electricity and Gas Inspection Act", SOR/86-131 (defines a set of standard conditions for Imperial units and a different set for metric units) [http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/E-4/SOR-86-131/95708.html Canadian Laws] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050103235031/http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/E-4/SOR-86-131/95708.html |date=2005-01-03 }}</ref>
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|align="center"|20||align="center"|101,325|| ||[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]],<ref name=NSPS>"Standards of Performance for New Sources", 40 CFR--Protection of the Environment, Chapter I, Part 60, Section 60.2, 1990 [http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/08aug20051500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2005/julqtr/pdf/40cfr60.2.pdf New Source Performance Standards]</ref> NIST<ref name=NISTJournal>"Design and Uncertainty for a PVTt Gas Flow Standard", Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Vol.108, Number 1, 2003 [http://www.cstl.nist.gov/div836/836.01/PDFs/2003/j80wri.pdf NIST Journal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060414044426/http://www.cstl.nist.gov/div836/836.01/PDFs/2003/j80wri.pdf |date=2006-04-14 }}</ref>
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05910.pdf "Standard conditions for gases"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524211724/http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05910.pdf |date=2016-05-24 }} from the [[IUPAC]] ''Gold Book''.
* [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05921.pdf "Standard pressure"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604011954/http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05921.pdf |date=2016-06-04 }} from the [[IUPAC]] ''Gold Book''.
* [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S06036.pdf "STP"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215173310/http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S06036.pdf |date=2018-12-15 }} from the [[IUPAC]] ''Gold Book''.
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