Saluran siaga Moskow–Washington: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Multiple image|direction=horizontal|total_width=400|image2=The Pentagon January 2008.jpg|image1=Moscow Kremlin from Kamenny bridge.jpg|footer=Kremlin di Moskwa, Rusia (kiri) dan Pentagon di Arlington County, Virginia, AS (kanan), dua fasilitas yang terhubung lewat hotline tersebut.}}
'''Hotline Moskwa–Washington''' (dulunya dikenal di Amerika Serikat sebagai '''Hubungan Komunikasi Langsung Washington–Moskwa''';<ref name=Stone>{{cite news |last1=Stone |first1=Webster |date=September 18, 1988 |title=Moscow's Still Holding |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/18/magazine/moscow-s-still-holding.html?pagewanted=all&pagewanted=print |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630042053/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/18/magazine/moscow-s-still-holding.html?pagewanted=all&pagewanted=print |archivedate=June 30, 2015 |url-status=live |accessdate=October 28, 2014}}</ref> {{lang-rus|Горячая линия Вашингтон — Москва|r=Goryachaya liniya Vashington–Moskva}}) adalah sebuah sistem yang membolehkan komunikasi langsung antarantara para pemimpin [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Rusia]]. Hotline tersebut didirikan pada 1963 dan menghubungkan [[Pentagon]] dengan [[Kremlin Moskwa|Kremlin]] (dulunya, para pemimpin [[Partai Komunis Uni Soviet]] di lapangan tersebut dari Kremlin itu sendiri).<ref name=Stone /><ref name='Smithsonian_2013-06-19'>{{cite news | first = Tom | last = Clavin | title = There Never Was Such a Thing as a Red Phone in the White House | date = 19 Jun 2013 | url = http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/There-Never-Was-Such-a-Thing-as-a-Red-Phone-in-the-White-House-212156891.html | work = [[Smithsonian|Smithsonian (magazine)]] | accessdate = 2013-07-01}}</ref> Meskipun dalam budaya masyarakat lebih dikenal sebagai "'''telepon merah'''", [[hotline]] tersebut tak pernah berwujud jaringan telepon, dan bukannya telepon merah yang dipakai. Implementasi pertama memakai alat [[Teleprinter|Teletype]], dan dialihkan ke [[mesin fax]] pada 1986.<ref name=Graham>{{cite book |last1=Graham |first1=Thomas |author-link1= |last2=La Vera |first2=Damien |year=2002 |origyear= |chapter=The "Hot Line" Agreements |title=Cornerstones of Security: Arms Control Treaties in the Nuclear Era |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgHgRQMYu1YC&pg=PA20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgHgRQMYu1YC |pages=20–28 |isbn=9780295801414 |publisher=[[University of Washington Press]]}}</ref> Sejak 2008, hotline Moskwa–Washington telah menjadi jaringan komputer kemanan dimanayang pesan-pesan saling ditukar lewat bentuk [[surat elektronik]].<ref name="richardson">{{cite news|last1=Craig|first1=Bell|last2=Richardson|first2=Paul E.|title=The Hot Line {Is a Hollywood Myth}|url=https://www.questia.com/magazine/1G1-207553679/the-hot-line-is-a-hollywood-myth|accessdate=March 18, 2015|work=Russian Life|issue=5|volume=52|date=September–October 2009|via=Questia}}</ref>
 
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