Agama asli Nusantara: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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Baris 25:
Berikut yalah daftar agama kuno asli Nusantara yang masih hidup:{{refn|group=catatan|name="daftar"|Daftar agama kuno ini tak mencakupi aliran kepercayaan baru.}}
* '''[[Adat Musi]]''' ([[suku Talaud]], [[Sulawesi Utara]]){{sfn|Ensiklopedi Kepercayaan|2010|pp=72–74}}
* '''[[Aluk Todolo]]''' ([[suku Toraja]], [[Sulawesi Selatan]]){{sfnm|1a1=Nooy-Palm|1y=1979|1p=|2a1=Nooy-Palm|2y=1986|2p=|3a1=Nooy-Palm|3y=1987|3pp=565–67|4a1=Volkman|4y=1985|4p=}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2017/06/04/aluk-todolo-agama-lokal-toraja-yang-hampir-punah|title=Aluk Todolo, Agama Lokal Toraja yang Hampir Punah |website=Tribun Timur|access-date=08-04-2019}}</ref>
* '''[[Arat Sabulungan]]''' ([[suku Mentawai]], teristimewa subsuku [[Sakuddei]], [[Sumatra Barat]]){{sfnm|1a1=Schefold|1y=1980|1p=|2a1=Schefold|2y=1988|2pp=5–22}}
* '''[[Suku Asmat|Asmat]]''' ([[suku Asmat]], [[Papua]])
* '''[[Agama Hindu Bali|Hindu Bali]]''' ([[suku Bali]]){{sfnm|1a1=Belo|1y=1960|1p=|2a1=Geertz|2y=1973|2p=|3a1=Lansing|3y=1987|3pp=45–49}}
* '''[[Agama Hindu Jawa|Hindu Jawa]]/[[Buda Tengger]]''' ([[suku Jawa]], teristimewa [[suku Tengger]]){{sfnm|1a1=Hefner|1y=1989|1p=|2a1=Suparyanto|2y=2019|2pp=}}
* '''[[Jingi Tiu]]''' ([[suku Sabu]], [[Nusa Tenggara Timur]])
* '''[[Kaharingan]]''' ([[suku Dayak]], teristimewa [[Kalimantan Tengah]]){{sfnm|1a1=Schärer|1y=1963|1p=|2a1=Metcalf|2y=1987|2pp=290–92|3a1=Rousseau|3y=1998|3p=|4a1=Weinstock|4y=1983|4p=|5a1=Winzeler|5y=1993|5p=}}
* '''[[Kejawen]]''' ([[suku Jawa]]){{sfnm|1a1=Beatty|1y=1999|1p=|2a1=Epton|2y=1974|2p=|3a1=Geels|3y=1997|3p=|4a1=Geertz|4y=1982|4pp=|5a1=
* '''[[Marapu]]''' ([[suku Sumba]], [[Nusa Tenggara Timur]]){{sfnm|1a1=Maria|1a2=Limbeng|1y=2007|1p=|2a1=Popov|2y=2017|2p=98–99}}
* '''[[Islam Tua|Masade]]''' ([[suku Sangir]], [[Sulawesi Utara]]){{sfn|Ensiklopedi Kepercayaan|2010|pp=266–67}}
Baris 44:
560–61}}
* '''[[Tonaas Walian]]''' ([[suku Minahasa]], [[Sulawesi Utara]]){{sfn|Ensiklopedi Kepercayaan|2010|pp=382–83}}
* '''[[Wetu Telu]]''' ([[suku Sasak]], [[Nusa Tenggara Barat]]){{sfn|Vogelgesang|1923|pp=417–25}}
* '''[[Tradisi Wor|Wor]]''' ([[suku Biak]], [[Papua]])
Baris 50:
{{utama|Kaharingan}}
[[Berkas:Panaturan.jpg|jmpl|225px|''[[Panaturan]]'', kitab suci Kaharingan.]]
Agama asli Dayak di [[Kalimantan]], teristimewa di [[Kalimantan Tengah]], terhadap Tuhan ''Ranying Hatalla Langit''. Kitab suci yalah ''[[Panaturan]]''.{{sfnm|1a1=Schärer|1y=1963|1p=|2a1=Metcalf|2y=1987|2pp=290–92|3a1=Rousseau|3y=1998|3p=|4a1=Weinstock|4y=1983|4p=|5a1=Winzeler|5y=1993|5p=}}
Pada tahun 1980 umat agama ini berintegrasi dengan agama Hindu sebagai bagiannya ([[Majelis Besar Agama Hindu Kaharingan]], MBAHK). Akan tetapi, sebagian kecil mereka menentang integrasi dan berpaham Kaharingan sebagai agama mandiri ([[Majelis Agama Kaharingan Republik Indonesia]], MAKRI).{{sfn|Popov|2017|pp=76–77}}
Baris 56:
== Kejawen ==
{{utama|Kejawen}}
Disebut juga Kebatinan, merupakan agama Jawa sinkretis dari kepercayaan asli, [[agama Hindu Jawa]], [[ajaran Siwa-Buddha]], dan [[Sufisme]].{{sfnm|1a1=Beatty|1y=1999|1p=|2a1=Epton|2y=1974|2p=|3a1=Geels|3y=1997|3p=|4a1=Geertz|4y=1982|4pp=|5a1=
== Marapu ==
Baris 115:
* {{cite book|surname=Geertz|given=Clifford |authorlink=Clifford Geertz|year=1960|title=Religion of Java |place=Glencoe, IL|publisher=Free Press |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-SYM4PW-YAgC&lpg=PR1&hl=ru&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Geertz|given=Clifford |authorlink=Clifford Geertz|year=1973|title=The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays |place=New York|publisher=[[Basic Books]] |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=G1cYDQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&dq=Geertz.%20The%20Interpretation%20of%20Cultures&hl=ru&pg=PR4#v=onepage&q=Geertz.%20The%20Interpretation%20of%20Cultures&f=false |isbn=9780465097197|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Hadiwijono|given=Harun |year=1967 |title=Man in the present Javanese Mysticism |place=[[Baarn]] |publisher=Bosch & Keuning |url= |isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Hefner|given=Robert W.|year=1989 |title=Hindu Javanese: Tengger Tradition and Islam| DUPLICATE-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j11yMMLK1AkC&lpg=PP1&dq=hefner%201985%20tengger&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=hefner%201985%20tengger&f=false |place=Princeton, NJ|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |url= |isbn=0-691-09413-6|ref=harv}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|surname=Koentjaraningrat|given=R. M.|year=1987|title=Javanese Religion|editor-surname=Eliade|editor-given=Mircea|editorlink=Mircea Eliade|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Religion |place=New York|publisher=MacMillan|volume=7 |pages=559–63|url= |isbn=0029094801|ref=harv}}
Baris 134 ⟶ 135:
* {{cite book |surname=Schlehe |given=Judith |chapter=Translating Traditions and Transcendence: Popularised Religiosity and the ''Paranormal'' Practitioners' Position in Indonesia |title=Religion, Tradition and the Popular. Transcultural Views from Asia and Europe |editor1=Schlehe, Judith |editor2=Sandkühler, Evamaria |year=2014 |place=[[Bielefeld]] |publisher=transcript |pages=185–201 |isbn=978-3-8376-2613-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMDWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=schlehe+judith&source=bl&ots=jW3xqbAxae&sig=ACfU3U3X6XIWB9A379X15ndI3XWaP50Cdg&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi0i4Ws0rrnAhWRX30KHTLMCfIQ6AEwEnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=schlehe%20judith&f=false |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |surname=Schlehe |given=Judith |title=Cosmopolitanism, Pluralism and Self-Orientalisation in the Modern Mystical World of Java |journal=Asian Journal of Social Science |volume=47 |issue=3 |date=2019 |pages=185–201 |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/ajss/47/3/article-p364_5.xml |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |surname=Shiraishi |given=Takashi |title=Dangir’s Testimony: Saminism Reconstructed |journal=Indonesia |date=1990 |volume=50 |pages=95–122 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Sievers|given=A.|year=1974 |title=The Mystical World of Indonesia |place=Baltimore; London|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|url= |asin=B000Q1LA8E|isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Suparyanto|given=Petrus |year=2019 |title=Bhīma's Mistical Quest: As a Model of Javanese Spiritual Growth |place=[[Wien]] |publisher=Lit |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=k1atDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor |isbn=978-3-643-90883-4 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Volkman|given=Toby Alice |year=1985 |title=Feasts of Honor: Ritual and Change in the Toraja Highlands |place=Urbana |publisher=[[Universitas Illinois|University of Illinois Press]] |url= |isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|surname=Weinstock|given=Joseph |year=1983 |title=Kaharingan and the Luangan Dayaks: Religion and Identity in Central East Borneo. Thesis (Ph.D.) [[Universitas Cornell|Cornell University]] |url= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Wessing|first1=Robert |last2=Barendregt|first2=Bart |title=Tending the Spirit’s Shrine: Kanekes and Pajajaran in West Java |date=2005 |pages= |volume=8|journal=Moussons |url=http://moussons.revues.org/2199 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|editor-surname=Winzeler|editor-given=Robert L.|year=1993|title=The Seen and the Unseen: Shamanism, Mediumship and Possession in Borneo |place=[[:en:Williamsburg, Va.|Williamsburg, Va.]] |publisher=Borneo Research Council|url= |isbn=978-0962956812 |ref=harv}}
; dalam bahasa lain
* {{cite book|surname=Matthes|given=Benjamin F.|year=1872|title=Over de bissoe’s of heidensche priesters en priesteessen der Boeginezen |trans-title=Tentang bissu atau pendeta pagan Bugis |language=nl |place=[[Amsterdam]] |publisher= |url= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |surname=Schefold |given=Reimar |authorlink=:en:Reimar Schefold |title=Spielzeug für die Seelen — Kunst und Kultur der Mentawai-Inseln (Indonesien) |trans-title=Mainan untuk Jiwa: seni dan budaya Mentawai (Indonesia) |year=1980 |place=Zürich |publisher=[[Museum Rietberg]] |language=de |isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |surname=Schefold |given=Reimar |authorlink=:en:Reimar Schefold |title=De wildernis als cultuur van gene ziijde: tribale concepten van "natuur" in Indonesiο |trans-title=Hutan belantara sebagai budaya masa lalu: konsep suku "alam" di Indonesia |journal=Antropologische verkenningen |date=1988 |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=5–22 |language=nl |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |surname=Schlehe |given=Judith |title=Die Meereskönigin des Südens, Ratu Kidul. Geisterpolitik im javanischen Alltag |trans-title=Ratu Laut Selatan, Ratu Kidul. Politik Roh dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari Jawa |year=1998 |place=Berlin |publisher=Dietrich Reimer |language=de|isbn=3-496-02657-X |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |surname=Vogelgesang |given=A. W. L. |title=Eenige aantekeningen betreffende de Sasaks op Lombok |trans-title=Beberapa catatan tentang Sasak di Lombok |journal=Koloniale Tijdschrift |date=1923 |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=417–25 |language=nl |ref=harv}}
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