Ekonomi Thailand: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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Baris 8:
" yang menggabungkan stimulan domestik dengan promosi tradisional Thailand tentang pasar terbuka dan investasi asing. Ekspor yang lemah menahan pertumbuhan PDB pada 2001 hingga 1,9%. Namun pada 2002-3 stimulan domestik dan kembalinya ekspor menambah performa yang semakin baik, dengan pertumbuhan PDB pada 5,3% dan 6,3%.
Sebelum krisis finasial, ekonomi Thai memiliki pertumbuhan ekonomi produksi yang
Pemerintah Kerajaan Thailand menyambut investasi asing, dan investor yang bisa memenuhi beberapa persyaratan dapat mendaftar hak investasi istimewa melalui ''[[Dewan Investasi Thailand]]''. Untuk menarik investasi asing lainnya, pemerintah telah memodifikasi peraturan investasinya.
Baris 14:
Gerakan [[serikat buruh]] tetap lemah dan terpecah-pecah di Thailand. Hanya 3% dari seluruh angkatan kerja tergabung dalam serikat buruh. Pada tahun 2000, Undang-undang Hubungan Kerja-Perusahaan Negara (SELRA) disahkan, hingga memberikan para pegawai sektor publik hak-hak yang sama dengan mereka yang bekerja di sektor swasta, termasuk hak untuk bergabung dengan serikat buruh.
Sekitar 60% dari seluruh angkatan kerja Thailand dipekerjakan di bidang [[pertanian]]. [[Beras]] adalah hasil bumi yang paling penting. Thailand adalah eksportir besar di pasar beras dunia.
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Thailand's increasingly diversified manufacturing sector made the largest contribution to growth during the economic boom. Industries registering rapid increases in production included computers and electronics, garments and footwear, furniture, [[wood products]], canned food, toys, plastic products, gems, and [[jewelry]]. High-technology products such as integrated circuits and parts, electrical appliances, and vehicles are now leading Thailand's strong growth in exports.
The United States is Thailand's largest export market and second-largest supplier after [[Japan]]. While Thailand's traditional major markets have been [[North America]], Japan, and [[Europe]], economic recovery among Thailand's regional trading partners has helped Thai export growth (5.8% in 2002). Further recovery from the financial crisis depends heavily on increased exports to the rest of [[Asia]] and the United States. Thailand is currently negotiating bilateral Free Trade Agreements with Japan and America.
Machinery and parts, [[vehicles]], electronic integrated circuits, [[chemicals]], [[crude oil]] and fuels, and [[iron]] and [[steel]] are among Thailand's principal imports. The recent increase in import levels (4.6% in 2002) reflects the need to fuel the production of high-technology items and vehicles.
Thailand is a member of the [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO) and the Cairns Group of agricultural exporters. It has free trade agreements with China, India, and Australia. Tourism contributes significantly to the Thai economy, and the industry has benefited from the [[Thai baht]]'s [[depreciation]] and Thailand's stability. Tourist arrivals in 2002 (10.9 million) reflected a 7.3% increase from the previous year (10.1 million).
[[Bangkok]] and its environs are the most prosperous part of Thailand, and the infertile northeast is the poorest. An overriding concern of successive Thai Governments, and a particularly strong focus of the current government, has been to reduce these regional income differentials, which have been exacerbated by rapid economic growth in and around Bangkok and the financial crisis. The government is trying to stimulate provincial economic growth with programs such as the Eastern Seaboard project and the development of an alternate deep-sea port on Thailand's southern peninsula. It also is conducting discussions with Malaysia to focus on economic development along the Thai-Malaysian border.
Although the economy has demonstrated moderate positive growth since 1999, future performance depends on continued [[reform]] of the financial sector, corporate debt restructuring, attracting [[foreign investment]], and increasing exports. [[Telecommunications]], roadways, [[electricity]] generation, and ports showed increasing strain during the period of sustained economic growth and may pose a future challenge. Thailand's growing shortage of engineers and skilled technical personnel may limit its future technological creativity and productivity.
Baris 71 ⟶ 70:
'''Gas alam:'''
* ''produksi:'' 18.73 miliar m
* ''konsumsi:'' 23.93 miliar m
* ''ekspor:'' 0 m
* ''impor:'' 5.2 miliar m
* ''cadangan:'' 368.2 miliar m
'''Neraca perdagangan:'''
$6.736 miliar (perkiraan 2004)
'''
tekstil dan sepatu/sandal, hasil perikanan, beras, karet, perhiasan, mobil, komputer dan peralatan listrik
'''
barang-barang modal, barang-barang antara dan bahan mentah, barang-barang konsumsi, bahan bakar
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