Deklarasi Balfour: Perbedaan antara revisi

Usaha-usaha politik Chaim Weizmann mengalami kemajuan pesat.{{efn|group=qt|name=Weiz1|Memurut memoir Weizmann: "Masuknya Turki ke kancah peperangan dan penjabaran Perdana Menteri dalam pidatonya di Balai Gilda merupakan dorongan tambahan yang mempercepat usaha penjajakan... An opportunity offered itself to discuss the Jewish problems with Mr. C. P. Scott (Editor of the Manchester Guardian)… Mr. Scott, who has, I believe, given the whole problem a very careful and sympathetic attention, was good enough to promise that he would talk to Mr. Lloyd George on the subject... As it happened, Mr. Lloyd George, having several engagements for the week suggested that I should see Mr. Tuan Herbert Samuel, and an interview took place at hisdi officekantornya. [Footnote: 10 Dec. 1914]"{{sfn|Weizmann|1983|p=122}}}} Pada tanggal 10 Desember 1914, ia berjumpa dengan [[Herbert Samuel]], anggota kabinet Inggris Raya dan seorang Yahudi sekuler yang sudah mengkaji Sionisme.{{sfn|Huneidi|2001|pp=79–81}} Herbert Samuel yakin bahwa tuntutan-tuntutan Chaim Weizmann terlampau bersahaja.{{efn|group=qt|Weizmann's memoirs: "He believed that my demands were too modest, that big things would have to be done in Palestine; he himself would move and would expect Jewry to move immediately the military situation was cleared up... The Jews would have to bring sacrifices and he was prepared to do so. At this point I ventured to ask in which way the plans of Mr. Samuel were more ambitious than mine. Mr. Samuel preferred not to enter into a discussion of his plans, as he would like to keep them 'liquid', but he suggested that theorang JewsYahudi would have to build railwaysjalur-jalur kereta api, harbourspelabuhan-pelabuhan, asebuah universityuniversitas, ajaringan network of schoolspersekolahan, etcdan lain-lain... He also thinks that perhaps the Temple may be rebuilt, as a symbol of Jewish unity, of course, in a modernised form."{{sfn|Weizmann|1983|p=122b}}}} Dua hari kemudian, Chaim Weizmann sekali lagi bertatap muka dengan Arthur Balfour sesudah pertemuan pertama mereka pada tahun 1905; Balfour had been out of government ever since his electoral defeat in 1906, but remained a senior member of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] in their role as [[Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition (United Kingdom)|Official Opposition]].{{efn|group=qt|Again from Weizmann's memoirs: "On the suggestion of Baron James, I went to see Sir Philip Magnus with whom I had a lengthy conversation, and he expressed his willingness to cooperate, provided that great discretion was used... I asked Sir Philip his opinion of the advisability of seeing Mr. Balfour, and he thought that an interview with Mr. Balfour would be of very great interest and value... At one of my visits to London I wrote to Mr. Balfour and got an appointment with him on Saturday the same week at 12 o'clock in his house.[Footnote: 12 Dec. 1914] I spoke to him practically in the same strain as I did to Mr. Samuel, but the whole turn of our conversation was more academic than practical."{{sfn|Weizmann|1983|p=126}}}}

ASebulan month laterkemudian, Herbert Samuel circulatedmengedarkan asebuah memorandum entitledbertajuk ''[[TheMasa FutureDepan of PalestinePalestina]]'' tokepada hiskolega-koleganya Cabinetdi colleagueskabinet. TheMemorandum memorandumini stated:berisi "Ipernyataan amyang assuredberbunyi: that"Saya theyakin solutionbahwa ofsolusi thebagi problemmasalah ofPalestina Palestineyang whichsangat woulddapat bediterima mucholeh thepara mostpemimpin welcomedan topendukung thegerakan leadersSionisme anddi supportersseluruh ofdunia theadalah Zionistaneksasi movementPalestina throughoutoleh theKekaisaran worldInggris would be the annexation of the country to the British EmpireRaya".{{sfn|Kamel|2015|p=106}} Herbert Samuel discussedmembahas aisi copyselembar ofsalinan hisdari memorandummemorandumnya ini withdengan Nathan Rothschild inpada Februarybulan Februari 1915, asebulan monthsebelum beforeNathan theRothschild latter's deathwafat.{{sfn|Cooper|2015|p=148}} It wasMemorandum theini firstmerupakan timetulisan inresmi anpertama officialyang recorddiajukan thatuntuk enlistingpermintaan thedukungan supportbagi oforang JewsYahudi assebagai a war measure had been proposed.{{sfn|Huneidi|2001|p=83}}

Many further discussions followed, including the initial meetings in 1915–16 between Lloyd George, who had been appointed [[Minister of Munitions]] in May 1915,{{sfn|Billauer|2013|p=21}} and Weizmann, who was appointed as a scientific advisor to the ministry inpada bulan September 1915.{{sfn|Lieshout|2016|p=198}}{{sfn|Billauer|2013|p=21}} Seventeen years later, in his ''War Memoirs'', Lloyd George described these meetings as being the "fountsumber anddan origincikal bakal" of theDeklarasi declarationBalfour; historians have rejected this claim.{{efn|group=qt|Weizmann had been asked to produce a [[Acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation|new process for the production of acetone]] in order to reduce the cost of [[cordite]] production;{{sfn|Lewis|2009|pp=115–119}} the popular suggestion that this role influenced the decision to release the declaration has been described as "fanciful",{{sfn|Defries|2014|p=50}} a "legend", a "myth",{{sfn|Cohen|2014|p=47}} and "a product of [Lloyd George's] imagination".{{sfn|Lewis|2009|p=115}} From Lloyd George's ''War Memoirs'', which created this myth: "But by the spring of 1915 the position in the American acetone market had become extremely delicate... In the survey we made of all the various prospective requirements, it soon became clear that the supplies of wood alcohol for the manufacture of acetone would prove quite insufficient to meet the increasing demands, particularly in 1916... While I was casting about for some solution of the difficulty, I ran against the late C. P. Scott, Editor of the Manchester Guardian... I took his word about Professor Weizmann and invited him to London to see me... He could produce acetone by a fermentation process on a laboratory scale, but it would require some time before he could guarantee successful production on a manufacturing scale. In a few weeks' time he came to me and said: "The problem is solved."... When our difficulties were solved through Dr. Weizmann's genius I said to him: 'You have rendered great service to the State, and I should like to ask the Prime Minister to recommend you to His Majesty for some honour.' He said: 'There is nothing I want for myself.' 'But is there nothing we can do as a recognition of your valuable assistance to the country?' I asked.  He replied: 'Yes, I would like you to do something for my people.' He then explained his aspirations as to the repatriation of the Jews to the sacred land they had made famous. That was the fount and origin of the famous declaration about the National Home for Jews in Palestine. As soon as I became Prime Minister I talked the whole matter over with Mr. Balfour, who was then Foreign Secretary. As a scientist he was immensely interested when I told him of Dr. Weizmann's achievement. We were anxious at that time to gather Jewish support in neutral countries, notably in America. Dr. Weizmann was brought into direct contact with the Foreign Secretary. This was the beginning of an association, the outcome of which, after long examination, was the famous Balfour Declaration..."{{sfn|Lloyd George|1933|p=50}}}}