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'''Azan''' (ejaan [[KBBI]]) atau '''adzan''' ([[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]:<font size=5> أذان</font>) merupakan panggilan bagi umat [[Islam]] untuk memberitahu masuknya [[salat]] fardu. Dikumandangkan oleh seorang [[muazin]] setiap [[salat lima waktu]]. biasanya setelah azan selalu di iringi dengan iqomah sebagai seruan bahwa salat akan dilaksanakan.
 
== Lafal azan ==
[[File:Adhan in Shalqar mosque.webm|thumb|265px|Azan di [[:ru:Мечеть имени Матея Коканулы|Masjid Matey Qoqanuly]] ([[Shalkar]], [[Kazakhstan]])]]
=== Lafal azan sunni ===
 
[[Berkas:Adhan wiki.oga|jmpl|Versi azan sunni, dengan logat Arab]]
{|class="wikitable"
Lafal azan terdiri dari tujuh bagian:
|+ Rincian apa yang dibacakan dan berapa kali
# ''[[Allahu Akbar|Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar]]'' (2 kali) <br />"[[Allah]] Maha Besar, Allah Maha Besar"
|-
# ''Asyhadu alla ilaha illallah'' (2 kali) <br />"Aku bersaksi bahwa tiada Tuhan selain Allah"▼
! colspan="3" | Pengulangan
# ''Asyhadu anna Muhammadar Rasulullah'' (2 kali) <br />"Aku bersaksi bahwa [[Muhammad]] adalah Rasul Allah"▼
! rowspan="2" | Lafal
# ''Hayya 'alash sholah'' (2 kali) <br />"Mari menunaikan [[salat]]"
! rowspan="2" | Transliterasi
# ''Hayya 'alal falah'' (2 kali) <br />"Mari meraih kemenangan"
! rowspan="2" | Terjemahan
# ''Ashsalatu khairum minan naum'' (2 kali) <br />"Salat itu lebih baik daripada tidur" (hanya diucapkan dalam azan [[Subuh]])
|-
# ''Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar'' (1 kali) <br />"[[Allah]] Maha Besar, Allah Maha Besar"
!Oleh<br/>[[Islam Sunni|Sunni]]<br/>(Asli){{efn|Azan yang sama juga dipakai oleh [[Ahmadiyyah]].}}<br/><ref name="Sahih Bukhari">[[Shahih Bukhari]] [http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/089.sbt.html#009.089.329 89.329] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204000758/http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/089.sbt.html#009.089.329 |date=2008-12-04 }}</ref><ref name="Sahih Muslim">[[Sahih Muslim]] [http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/muslim/020.smt.html : Book 020: Number 4477, 4478, 4480, 4481, 4482, 4483] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820100533/http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/muslim/020.smt.html |date=2011-08-20 }}</ref><ref name="Sunan Abu Dawood">[[Sunan Abu Dawood]] [http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/abudawud/036.sat.html : Book 36: Number 4266] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806031146/http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/abudawud/036.sat.html |date=2011-08-06 }}</ref><ref name="Sunan al-Tirmidhi">Sunan al-Tirmidhi (Arabic) Chapter of Fitan, 2:45 (India) and 4:501 Tradition # 2225 (Egypt); Hadith #2149 (numbering of al-'Alamiyyah)</ref>
# ''Lailaha ilallah'' (1 kali) <br />"Tiada Tuhan selain Allah"
!Oleh<br/>[[Syiah]]<br/><ref name="Sunan Abu Dawood" /><ref name="Sunan al-Tirmidhi" /><ref name="Quran 1">[[Quran]] [http://al-quran.info/?x=y#&&sura=32&aya=21&trans=en-ali_quli&show=both,quran-uthmani&ver=2.00 : Surah Sajda: Ayah 24-25]</ref>
!Oleh<br/>Syiah[[Zaidiyyah|Zaydi]]
|-
| 4x atau 2x
| 4x
| 8x atau 4x{{efn|Secara tradisional 4x.<ref>Kitab rab as-sad by Sana'ani</ref> Pemngikut [[Madzhab Maliki|madzhab]] [[Maliki]] juga mengulang baris ini 4x.}}
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ
| [[Takbir|ʾAllāhu ʾakbar{{smallsup|u}}]]
| [[Allah]] Maha Besar [daripada sesuatu apa pun]
|-
| 2x
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ
| [[Shahada|ʾašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāh{{smallsup|u}}]]
▲#| ''Asyhadu alla ilaha illallah'' (2 kali) <br />"Aku bersaksi bahwa tiada Tuhan selain Allah"
|-
| 2x
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ
| ʾašhadu ʾanna Muḥammadan rasūlu -llāh{{smallsup|i}}
▲#| ''Asyhadu anna Muhammadar Rasulullah'' (2 kali) <br />"Aku bersaksi bahwa [[Muhammad]] adalah [[Rasul|Rasul Allah"]]
|-
| Tak ada
| 2x{{efn|name=MentionOfAli}}
| Tak ada
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا وَلِيُّ ٱللَّٰهِ
| ʾašhadu ʾanna ʿAlīyan walīyu -llāh{{smallsup|i}}
| Aku bersaksi bahwa [[Ali bin Abi Thalib|Ali]] adalah [[Wali|Wali Allah]]
|-
| 2x
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلصَّلَاةِ
| ḥayya ʿalā ṣ-ṣalāh{{smallsup|ti}}
| Mari menunaikan [[salat]]
|-
| 2x
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلْفَلَاحِ
| ḥayya ʿalā l-[[falah|falāḥ{{smallsup|i}}]]
| Hasten to the salvation
|-
| Tidak ada
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | حَيَّ عَلَىٰ خَيْرِ ٱلْعَمَلِ
| ḥayya ʿalā khayri l-ʿamal{{smallsup|i}}
| Buru-buru melakukan yang terbaik
|-
| 2x<br/>{{small|([[Salat subuh]] saja)}}{{efn|Pengikut [[Madzhab Maliki]] percaya bahwa baris ini dua kali dan ulangi dua baris berikut sebelum baris empat kali, seperti dicatat dalam Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Ch. 2, No. 0740.}}
| Tidak ada
| Tidak ada
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | ٱلصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ ٱلنَّوْمِ
| aṣ-ṣalātu khayrun mina n-nawm{{smallsup|i}}
| Salat lebih baik ketimbang tidur
|-
| 2x
| 2x
| 2x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ
| ʾAllāhu ʾakbar{{smallsup|u}}
| [[Allah]] Maha Besar
|-
| 1x
| 2x
| 1x
| dir="rtl" lang="ar" | لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ
| lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāh{{smallsup|u}}
| Tiada Tuhan selain Allah
|}
{{Notelist|notes=
{{efn|name=MentionOfAli|Menurut ulama Usuli Twelver Syiah, frasa ini bukan bagian wajib dari Adzan dan Iqamah, tetapi direkomendasikan ([[Mustahab]]). [[Akhbari]] Twelver Shia, however, consider it as an obligatory part of Adhan and Iqamah.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akhbari.org |title=Akhbari |publisher=Akhbari |date= |accessdate=2013-12-31}}</ref> [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid]], [[Ismailism|Ismaili]], [[Alavi Bohras]] and [[Dawoodi Bohra]] believe and include and recite this at same place, twice in main adhan, but not in Iqama. They also recite ''Muḥammadun wa ʿAlīyun khayru l-basar wa itaratu huma khayru l-itar'' (Muhammad and Ali are the best of mankind and their progeny is the best of progenies) twice after the 6th part (''Ḥayya ʿala-khayri l-ʿamal''). This tradition is continued from their first [[Da'i al-Mutlaq]], [[Zoeb bin Moosa]] (1132 CE), after their 21st [[Imam]], [[At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim]], and claim this is true [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid]] tradition.<ref>[http://sistani.org/local.php?modules=nav&nid=2&bid=59&pid=2947 Islamic Laws : Rules of Namaz » Adhan and Iqamah] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914174319/http://sistani.org/local.php?modules=nav&nid=2&bid=59&pid=2947 |date=September 14, 2008 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.khamenei.de/fatwas/practical03.htm Importance and Conditions of Prayers - Question #466] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090708075111/http://www.khamenei.de/fatwas/practical03.htm |date=July 8, 2009 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.duas.org/calltoprayer.htm "Adhan Call to Prayer"]. ''duas.org''. Retrieved on 25 August 2016.</ref>}}
}}
 
== Sejarah azan dan iqamah ==
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azan"