Galenus: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 27:
|pages=336–351 |date=October 1971 |pmid=4944603 |pmc=1034194 |doi=10.1017/s0025727300016896}}</ref> Karya Galen tentang anatomi tetap tak tertandingi dan tak terlawan hingga abad ke-16 di Eropa. Pada pertengahan abad ke-16, ahli anatomi Andreas Vesalius menantang pengetahuan anatomi Galen dengan melakukan pembedahan pada mayat manusia. Penyelidikan ini memungkinkan Vesalius membantah aspek-aspek anatomi Galen.
Di antara kontribusi besar Galen terhadap kedokteran adalah karyanya tentang [[sistem peredaran darah]]. Dia merupakan orang pertama yang menyadari bahwa ada perbedaan jelas antara [[darah vena]] (gelap) dan [[arteri]]al. Meskipun eksperimen anatomi pada model hewan membawanya ke pemahaman sistem peredaran darah yang lebih komprehensif, [[sistem saraf]], [[sistem pernapasan]], dan struktur lainnya, tetapi karyanya berisi kesalahan ilmiah.<ref name="Galen on the brain">{{cite book|title=Galen on the Brain: Anatomical Knowledge and Physiological Speculation in the Second Century Ad|first=Dr Julius|last=Rocca|date=16 January 2003|publisher=Brill|isbn = 978-9004125124}}</ref>
<!-- Galen believed the circulatory system to consist of two separate one-way systems of distribution, rather than a single unified system of circulation. He believed venous blood to be generated in the liver, from where it was distributed and consumed by all organs of the body. He posited that arterial blood originated in the heart, from where it was distributed and consumed by all organs of the body. The blood was then regenerated in either the liver or the heart, completing the cycle. Galen also believed in the existence of a group of blood vessels he called the [[rete mirabile]] in the carotid sinus.<ref name=MarkGrant/> Both of these theories of the circulation of blood were later (beginning with works of [[Ibn al-Nafis]] published in 1221) shown to be incorrect.<ref name=Furley1984>Furley, D, and J. Wilkie, 1984, ''Galen On Respiration and the Arteries'', Princeton University Press, and Bylebyl, J (ed), 1979, ''William Harvey and His Age'', Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press</ref>
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