Horst Köhler: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Köhler lahir di [[Skierbieszów]], di [[Polandia]] yang saat itu diduduki [[Jerman]], sebagai anak ketujuh dari delapan anak dalam sebuah keluarga [[Volksdeutsche]] dari [[Glückstal]] di [[Bessarabia]] [[Rumania]] (kini bagian dari [[Moldova]]).<!--His parents, Romanian citizens, had to leave their home in Bessarabia in [[1940]] during the [[Nazi-Soviet population transfers]] that followed the [[Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact]], which awarded Bessarabia to the [[Soviet Union]]. As part of the [[Generalplan Ost]], they were resettled in [[1942]] at [[Skierbieszów]], a village near [[Zamosc]], [[Poland]] (then part of the [[General Government]]). People of Skierbieszów had been expelled to make room for German settlers. As the [[Wehrmacht]] was pushed back and first parts of Poland had to be abandoned in [[1944]], the Köhler family fled to [[Leipzig]]. In [[1953]] they left [[East Germany]] for [[Ludwigsburg]] to escape from the communist regime.
 
Köhler took his ''[[Abitur]]'' in 1963, and after a two-year military service in the mechanized infantry (''Panzergrenadiere'') he left the [[Bundeswehr]] as "[[Leutnant]] der Reserve" (reserve officer). He studied and finally earned a [[doctorate]] in [[economics]] and [[political science]]s from [[Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen]], where he was a scientific research assistant at the Institute for Applied Economic Research from [[1969]] to [[1976]].
 
Köhler was appointed Managing Director and Chairman of the Executive Board of the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) in [[2000]]. The German government nominated him after their first nominee, [[Caio Koch-Weser]], was rejected by the [[United States]] due to his low political weight. Prior to joining the IMF, he had held positions in both the public and private sectors. He was under-secretary of state in the finance ministry from [[1990]] to [[1993]], and he served as [[sherpa]] for [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]] [[Helmut Kohl]], preparing [[G7]] summits and other international economic conferences. Between [[1993]] and [[1998]] he served as chairman of the association of savings banks in Germany (Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband). In [[1998]] he was appointed president of the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]].
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Köhler succeeded [[Johannes Rau]] as President on [[1 July]] [[2004]], for a five-year term. Germany's presidency is a mostly ceremonial office, but carries considerable moral authority and gives the President a platform from which to represent his country internationally. While the president's regular residence [[Bellevue Palace|Schloss Bellevue]] is under reconstruction he has taken his office at Charlottenburg Castle in [[Berlin]].
 
Upon his election, Köhler, a conservative German [[patriotism|patriot]], said that "Patriotism and being cosmopolitan are not opposites". "He appeared an enlightened patriot who genuinely loves his country and is not afraid to say so", the newspaper [[Die Welt]] wrote. Presenting his visions for Germany, Köhler also said that "Germany should become a land of ideas", and emphasized the importance of globalization, and that Germany would have to fight for its place in the 21st century.
 
He is married to [[Eva Köhler]], born Eva Luise Bohnet, a teacher of German, and they have two children, a daughter Ulrike (born [[1972]]) and a son Jochen (born [[1977]]). Horst Köhler is Protestant.-->
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