Bettel lahir pada 3 Maret 1973 di [[Luksemburg (kota)|Luxembourg City]] . Ayahnya, Claude Bettel, adalah seorang pedagang [[Anggur (minuman)|anggur]] dan ibunya, Aniela, adalah orang Prancis keturunan Rusia dan merupakan cucu keponakan dari komposer [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.republicain-lorrain.fr/actualite/2013/10/26/xavier-bettel-un-jeune-liberal-presse|title=Xavier Bettel, un jeune libéral pressé|date=26 October 2013|work=Le Républicain Lorrain|publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.revue.lu/aktuelles/vielleicht-nicht-der-beliebteste-premier/|title="Vielleicht nicht der beliebteste Premier"|last=|first=|date=18 December 2013|website=revue.lu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812202434/http://www.revue.lu/aktuelles/vielleicht-nicht-der-beliebteste-premier/|archive-date=12 August 2014|dead-url=yes|access-date=11 August 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://women-leaders.eu/Uploads/Links/Doc/94_1_Aniela%20Bettel_Life%20is%20a%20precious%20gift_Final.doc|title=Archived copy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812224205/http://women-leaders.eu/Uploads/Links/Doc/94_1_Aniela%20Bettel_Life%20is%20a%20precious%20gift_Final.doc|archive-date=12 August 2014|dead-url=yes|access-date=11 August 2014}}</ref> Setelah menyelesaikan [[EuropeanLycée SchoolHélène of Luxembourg|European School]]Boucher, Bettel memperoleh gelar master dalam [[Hukum Uni Eropa|Hukum]] Publik dan [[Hukum Uni Eropa|Eropa]] dan DEA dalam [[Ilmu politik|Ilmu Politik]] dan [[Act of Congress|Hukum Publik]] dari Universitas Nancy 2 di [[Nancy, Prancis]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lessentiel.lu/fr/news/luxembourg/story/10040671|title=Xavier Bettel, un "fêtard" qui se remarquait|date=5 November 2013|work=L'Essentiel Online|publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lessentiel.lu/de/news/dossier/neuwahlen/story/Wie-Xavier-Bettel-als-Student-Party-machte-29229643|title=Wie Xavier Bettel als Student Party machte|date=5 November 2013|work=L'Essentiel Online|publisher=}}</ref> Dia juga belajar hukum maritim serta [[Hukum kanonik|hukum kanon]] di [[Universitas Aristoteles Thessaloniki|Universitas Aristoteles]] di [[Thessaloniki]], [[Yunani]] . Dia berpartisipasi dalam [[Program Erasmus]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.programmallp.it/lkmw_file/LLP///erasmus/in%20evidenza/Famous%20Alumni2013/famous_en.pdf|title=Well-known Erasmus students – inspiring careers|publisher=Programma LLP|page=7}}</ref> Selama empat tahun di awal tahun 2000-an, ia menjadi tuan rumah bagi ''Sonndes em 8'', sebuah talkshow mingguan, di jaringan televisi swasta T.TV yang sekarang sudah tidak ada . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lp5xGAkHFww|title=TV Talkshow "Sonndes em 8" [1/2] (2005)|date=2005|publisher=chienguidelux via [[YouTube]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/reise/europa/luxemburg-finanzmetropole-im-modellbahn-look-a-468943.html|title=Luxemburg:Finanzmetropole im Modellbahn-Look|last=Strätz|first=Susanne|date=21 March 2007|publisher=Der Spiegel}}</ref> Pada 2017, ia juga menerima gelar doktor Kehormatan dari Sacred Heart University Luxembourg <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://delano.lu/d/detail/news/luxembourgs-prime-minister-becomes-doctor/148510|title=Luxembourg's Prime Minister becomes "Doctor" - Delano - Luxembourg in English|date=16 June 2017|website=Delano}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/xavier_bettel/status/875429220293500929?lang=en|title=Honoured that I have been awarded Doctor Honoris Causa by the Sacred Heart University Luxembourg on their 25. anniversarypic.twitter.com/i5RbQynZzo|last=Bettel|first=Xavier|date=15 June 2017|publisher=}}</ref>
