Pinang merah: Perbedaan antara revisi
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The wide morphological variation noticed in the palm which ranges from the profusely stilt-rooted condition to having no aerial root at all, densely clustering to single-stemmed habit, colour of leaf-sheath ranging from red, bright orange, light orange and brown, and the variation in the colour of fruits which changes as the fruit matures, all contributed to the confusion of its name. Further, the bright orange colour of crownshaft, spathe and mature fruits become less attractive at lower altitudes. Thus, the palm appeared differently for palmists who saw them in small numbers at only a single location. We had the opportunity to admire Areca vestiara in its indigenous habitat in the many volcanic mountains of North Sulawesi, especially in Gunung Soputan and around Lake Tondano. Also we could examine clumps at lower elevations where it looked less colourful. There is confusion even in the local name of the species. Although 'pinang merah' (red pinang) is a more common name, it is also known as 'pinang yaki' (monkey pinang). Perhaps monkeys, especially the Sulawesi crested macaque, enjoys the ripe fruits of pinang merah because of its sweet mesocarp and this could have earned its popular name.
Ripe fruits, spathes and crownshaft of Areca vestiaria growing at altitudes between 600 and 1200m are very colourful. At lower elevations, as one can see in front of homes along the mountain slopes and valleys, as well as the clumps maintained at the Bogor Botanic Garden, the colour is less spectacular. In the colour picture that appears on page 159 of the book Palms in Australia by David Jones, the leaf sheath of 'pinang merah' appears almost green. So also the stilt roots do not appear colourful. The stem is slender, tall and smooth displaying distinctive rings of leaf-scars. Depending on the richness of the locality where they grow, the number of shoots per clump varies from one to twenty or even more. Very young shoots are less impressive. The crownshaft/leafsheath is deep orange and attracts the attention of people standing even at a far distance. Because of this, locating clumps of 'pinang merah' in valleys and slopes of volcanic hills is very easy even though proper roads or trails to reach them in such hills are extremely inadequate. As the mature leaf sheds and its auxiliary inflorescence becomes visible, the large spathe which envelopes the spadix is deep in its reddish orange hue. But as the spathe opens, the tender peduncle, spikes and flowers all appear cream-coloured. However, after fertilization, the female flowers, including their perianth cap, first turn light green and as they grow, turn dirty brown. As the fruits mature and ripen, their colour changes to light brown, light orange, deep orange and crimson red. Simultaneously, the colour of the peduncle and spikes also changes in unison with that of the fruits. A ripe infructescence bearing 25-300 fruits is extremely pretty, much more attractive than the fruit bunches of Cyrtostachys lakka . However, in C. lakka
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/palms/Areca/vestiaria.html
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