Pemakaman kenegaraan: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 93:
== Amerika ==
==={{flagicon|ARG}} Argentina===
[[File:CGT Funerales Evita.JPG|thumb|right|Hampir tiga juta orang menghadiri pemakaman [[Eva Perón]] di jalan-jalan [[Buenos Aires]].]] [[File:Funeral de kirchner desde arriba.jpg|thumb|right|Pemakaman kenegaraan [[Néstor Kirchner]] di [[Casa Rosada]].]]
In 1952 [[Eva Perón]] died at age 33. She held the title of [[Spiritual Leader of the Nation of Argentina]], granted by the Congress of Argentina. Nearly three million people covered the funeral of Evita in the streets of Buenos Aires. A radio broadcast interrupted the broadcasting schedule, with the announcer reading, "The Press Secretary's Office of the Presidency of the Nation fulfills its very sad duty to inform the people of the Republic that at 20:25 hours Mrs. Eva Perón, Spiritual Leader of the Nation, died." Eva Perón was granted a state funeral and a full Roman Catholic [[requiem mass]].<ref name="Ortiz">Ortiz.</ref> On Saturday 9 August, the body was then transferred to the Congress Building for an additional day to be publicly viewed. The next day, after a final Sunday mass, the coffin was laid atop on a [[Limbers and caissons|gun carriage]] pulled by CGT officials. Following next was [[Juan Perón]], his cabinet, Eva's family and friends, the delegates and representatives of the [[Female Peronist Party|Partido Peronista Femenino]], then workers, nurses and students of the [[Eva Perón Foundation]]. Her coffin was showered with carnations, orchids, chrysanthemums, wallflowers and roses thrown from the nearby balconies as the procession passed through the streets.
Juan Perón died at age 78 on 1 July 1974, after his health progressively deteriorated. His wife and vicepresident, Isabel Martínez de Perón, gave the announcement: "''with great sorrow I must convey to the people of [[Argentina]] the death of this true apostle of peace and nonviolence.''" After several days of national mourning, in which the body laid in state at the [[Argentine National Congress]] for hundreds of thousands of people, the remains were moved to a crypt in the Quinta de Olivos Presidential. On 17 November 1974 the remains of [[Eva Peron|Evita]]. While the body was in Congress, over 135,000 people filed past the coffin, while a million Argentines had to bid their farewell to their leader from the outside. Two thousand foreign journalists reported the details of the funeral.
[[Raul Alfonsín]] died at age 82 on 31 March 2009 after a long battle against lung cancer and. in his last days, broncoaspirativa pneumonia. [[Argentina]]'s government declared three days of national mourning for the death and his remains were veiled from the early hours of April 1, 2009 in the Blue Room of the National Congress, which was attended also by authorities and politicians of different parties an estimated 80,000 people had to wait in line for five to six hours. Among the political authorities who attended the event were former presidents [[Carlos Menem]], [[Eduardo Duhalde]], [[Fernando De la Rua]] and [[Nestor Kirchner]], President [[Cristina Fernandez]] was unable to attend because they were in the G-20 London but sent its condolences. The next day they were taken to a military gun carriage escorted by the Mounted Grenadiers Regiment at [[Recoleta Cemetery]] in [[Buenos Aires]]. The remains of former President rested temporarily in the vault of the fallen in the Revolution of the Park until 16 May were transferred to a single monument in the cemetery in a place built of gray and beige marble, where there is a cross on top and a bright stained glass by entering a glimmer.
[[Argentina]]'s former [[President of Argentina|President]] and [[Secretary General of UNASUR]], [[Néstor Kirchner]], died of heart failure on the morning of 27 October 2010 at the Jose Formenti hospital in [[El Calafate]], [[Santa Cruz Province (Argentina)|Santa Cruz Province]] at the age of 60.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/politica/gobierno/Kirchner-sufrido-descompensacion-cardiaca-Calafate_0_361164064.html|title=Murió el ex presidente Néstor Kirchner|date=27 October 2010|publisher=Clarín|location=Buenos Aires|language=Spanish|trans-title=Former president Néstor Kirchner has died}}</ref> Although there was some effort made to revive him, it did not do so{{vague|date=October 2010}}<ref name="lanacion1">[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1319033 Consternación por la muerte del ex presidente Néstor Kirchner] {{es}}</ref> His wife, [[President of Argentina|President]] [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner]], was present with him when he died.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1319045 |title=Cristina lo acompañó hasta el final, La Nación |publisher=Lanacion.com.ar |date= |accessdate=2010-10-28}}</ref> He was also expected to run for [[Argentine general election, 2011|president in 2011]].<ref name="aljaz">{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2010/10/2010102713264244362.html |title=Argentine ex-leader Kirchner dies — Americas |publisher=Al Jazeera English |date= |accessdate=2010-10-28}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|BAR}} Barbados===
A state funeral was held on November 3, 2010 in [[Bridgetown]] for former [[Prime Minister of Barbados|Barbados Prime Minister]] [[David Thompson (Barbadian politician)|David Thompson]].<ref>{{cite web|title=State funeral for David Thompson|publisher=BBC|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/caribbean/news/story/2010/11/101102_davidthompsonfuneral.shtml}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|BRA}} Brazil===
[[File:Jose Alencar Velorio1.jpg|thumb|right|State funeral of [[José Alencar]], former Vice President of Brazil, at the [[Planalto Palace]], [[Brasília]].]]
State funerals were held for the President-elect of Brazil, [[Tancredo Neves]], who died before taking office. The former Vice President of Brazil, [[José Alencar]], was also buried with a head of state's honor, after his passing due to cancer. Other than heads of state, personalities such as the [[Formula 1]] racing champion [[Ayrton Senna]], dead in 1994 after a crash during a race, and the architect [[Oscar Niemeyer]], who died in 2012 at the age of 104, among others.
==={{flagicon|CAN}} Kanada===
{{Main article|State funerals in Canada}}
In [[Canada]], state funerals are public events held to commemorate the memory of present and former [[Governor General of Canada|governors general]], present and former [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime ministers]], sitting members of the Ministry (the [[Privy Council]]) and other prominent Canadians at the discretion of the Prime Minister. With ceremonial, military, and religious elements incorporated, state funerals are offered and executed by the [[Government of Canada]] which provides a dignified manner for the Canadian people to mourn a national public figure.
In 2006, the House of Commons voted unanimously, on a motion introduced by the NDP, to hold a state funeral when the last Canadian veteran of the First World War died. However, [[John Babcock]], after becoming the last surviving veteran, stated that he did not feel the need to be honoured in such a way.
In August 2011, in a rare circumstance, Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] offered a state funeral for his political adversary and [[Leader of the Opposition]], [[Jack Layton]]. Layton died of cancer three months after his [[New Democratic Party (Canada)|New Democratic Party]] became the [[official opposition]], for the first time in his party's history.
In 2014, former finance minister [[Jim Flaherty]] received a state funeral after his death.
==={{flagicon|DMA}} Dominika===
[[Crispin Sorhaindo]], former [[President of Dominica]], was given a state funeral on January 18, 2010 in [[Roseau]].<ref>{{cite web|title=State Funeral for the Late Crispin A. Sorhaindo|publisher=Dominica Central Newspaper|url=http://www.dominicacentral.com/politics/state-funeral-for-the-late-crispin-a-sorhaindo.html|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120730190301/http://www.dominicacentral.com/politics/state-funeral-for-the-late-crispin-a-sorhaindo.html|archivedate=2012-07-30|df=}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|ECU}} Ekuador===
On November 16, 2016, the state funeral of former [[President of Ecuador]] [[Sixto Durán Ballén]] was held in [[Quito]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/rafaelcorrea-autorizacion-cancilleria-funeral-sixtoduranballen.html|title=Rafael Correa autoriza a la Cancillería y a Defensa organizar funeral de Estado para Sixto Durán Ballén|publisher=El Comercio.com|accessdate=November 16, 2016|date=November 16, 2016}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|GRN}} Grenada===
On March 16, 2012, a state funeral was held in [[St. George's, Grenada|St. George's]] for former [[Prime Minister of Grenada|Grenadian Prime Minister]] [[George Ignatius Brizan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Prime Minister to be accorded a State Funeral|publisher=Caribseek News|url=http://news.caribseek.com/index.php/caribbean/grenada-news/item/5793-former-prime-minister-to-be-accorded-a-state-funeral|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120712051901/http://news.caribseek.com/index.php/caribbean/grenada-news/item/5793-former-prime-minister-to-be-accorded-a-state-funeral|archivedate=2012-07-12|df=}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|JAM}} Jamaika===
Legendary [[reggae]] singer [[Bob Marley]] received a state funeral in Jamaica on 21 May 1981, which combined elements of [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian Orthodoxy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orthodoxhistory.org/2010/06/04/source-of-the-week-bob-marleys-funeral-program/ |title=Bob Marley's funeral program |publisher=Orthodoxhistory.org|accessdate=4 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://orthodoxhistory.org/2011/05/11/30-year-anniversary-of-bob-marleys-death/ |title=30 Year Anniversary of Bob Marley's Death |publisher=Orthodoxhistory.org|accessdate=11 May 2011}}</ref> and Rastafari tradition.<ref>{{harvnb|Moskowitz|2007|p=116}}</ref>
On July 18, 2004, a state funeral was held for former [[Prime Minister of Jamaica|Jamaican Prime Minister]] [[Hugh Shearer]] in [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]].<ref>{{cite web|title=State Funeral for Hugh Shearer on Sunday, July 18|publisher=Jamaica Information Service|url=http://www.jis.gov.jm/news/archive/3082-foreign_affairs-state-funeral-for-hugh-shearer-on-sunday-july-18|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120802223720/http://www.jis.gov.jm/news/archive/3082-foreign_affairs-state-funeral-for-hugh-shearer-on-sunday-july-18|archivedate=2012-08-02|df=}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|MEX}} Meksiko===
Novelist [[Carlos Fuentes]] received a state funeral on May 16, 2012, with his funeral cortege briefly stopping traffic in Mexico City. The ceremony was held in the [[Palacio de Bellas Artes]] and was attended by President [[Felipe Calderón]].<ref name=T>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/9272872/Presidents-and-Nobel-winners-honour-Mexican-writer-Carlos-Fuentes.html |title=Presidents and Nobel winners honour Mexican writer Carlos Fuentes |author=Gaby Wood |date=May 17, 2012 |work=The Telegraph |accessdate=May 17, 2012}}</ref>
State funerals have also been held for former Mexican presidents. Traditionally, the final funeral services for a former Mexican president is held at either the [[Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral]] or [[Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe]]. The services are attended by the former president's family, the current [[President of Mexico]], the [[Head of Government of the Federal District]] and their families, foreign heads of state or their representatives (usually a foreign ambassador, [[vice president]], [[prime minister]] or [[premier]]), military officials, Senators and Deputies, and other dignitaries. The principal celebrant of the service is usually the [[Archbishop of Mexico City]], and traditionally the President and the Head of Government of the Federal District deliver the final eulogies and remarks.
On the days leading to a Presidential state funeral, the [[Mexican flag]]s are at half-mast, and the Olympic cauldron at [[Estadio Olimpico Universitario]] is lit until the funeral services have ended. The day of the Presidential funeral, if held in [[Mexico City]], is usually the [[national day of mourning]]; there is no mail to be delivered on that day, all schools and colleges in Mexico City are closed, and all television and motion picture studios in Mexico City, and with them the studios of [[Televisa]] and [[TV Azteca]] affiliates across Mexico, are closed to audiences and tours. All business, including shopping centers and entertainment facilities, in Mexico City are closed; stores and theaters that are part of regional and national chains headquartered in Mexico City are closed.
The most recent Presidential funeral was that of [[Miguel de la Madrid]], which was attended by thousands of dignitaries including President Calderon and Head of Government of the Federal District [[Marcelo Ebrard]].
==={{flagicon|Saint Lucia}} St Lucia===
Sir William George Mallet [[GCSL]] [[GCMG]] [[CBE]] (July 24, 1923 – October 20, 2010) received a State Funeral on October 28, 2010 in the capital [[Castries]]. Mallet was a politician who held a number of high offices in Saint Lucia, one of the Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles in the Eastern Caribbean. On June 1, 1996, "Sir George" was appointed to the office of Governor General of St Lucia.
==={{flagicon|The Bahamas}} Kepulauan Bahama===
On September 4, 2000, a state funeral was held in [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]] for former [[Prime Minister of the Bahamas|Bahamian Prime Minister]] Sir [[Lynden Pindling]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sir Lynden Pindling State Funeral|publisher=Bahamas Conference of Seventh-day Adventists|url=http://www.bahamasconference.org/sirlynden-pindling-state-funeral.htm}}</ref> On January 5, 2012, a state funeral was held in Nassau for former [[Governor-General of the Bahamas|Bahamian Governor-General]] Sir [[Clifford Darling]].<ref>{{cite web|title=State Funeral announced for the late Sir Clifford Darling|publisher=The Bahamas Weekly|url=http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/bis-news-updates/State_Funeral_announced_for_the_late_Sir_Clifford_Darling19497.shtml}}</ref>
==={{flagicon|USA}} Amerika Serikat===
[[File:Ronald Reagan lies in state June 10.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ronald Reagan]], [[List of Presidents of the United States|40th]] [[President of the United States]], [[lying in state]] in the [[United States Capitol rotunda]] as spectators and mourners file past his flag draped casket on June 10, 2004.]]
{{Main article|Pemakaman kenegaraan di Amerika Serikat}}
In the [[United States]], state funerals are held in the nation's capital, [[Washington, D.C.]], and involve military spectacle, ceremonial pomp, and religious observance. As the highest possible honor bestowed upon a person [[wikt:posthumous|posthumously]], state funerals are an entitlement offered to a sitting or former [[President of the United States]], a [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]], as well as other people designated by the President.<ref>{{cite book|title=APPENDIX A-3-TABLE OF ENTITLEMENT, 1965|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/Last_Salute/AppA.htm#AppA1965}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=State Funeral Traditions|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.mdw.army.mil/statefcetradition.htm|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906162154/http://www.mdw.army.mil/statefcetradition.htm|archivedate=2011-09-06|df=}}</ref> Administered by the [[United States Army Military District of Washington|Military District of Washington]] (MDW), state funerals are greatly influenced by [[protocol (diplomacy)|protocol]], steeped in [[tradition]], and rich in [[history]]. However, the overall planning as well as the decision to hold a state funeral, is largely determined by the President before his death and the [[First Family of the United States|First Family]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Arlington’s Ceremonial Horses and Funerals at the White House |publisher=White House Historical Association |url=http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_publications/publications_documents/whitehousehistory_19.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626081049/http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_publications/publications_documents/whitehousehistory_19.pdf |archivedate=2010-06-26 |df= }}</ref>
State funerals have been held in Washington D.C. for [[William Henry Harrison]] (1841),<ref name="whitehousehistory.org">{{cite web|title=Presidential Funerals|publisher=White House Historical Association|url=http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_shows/presidential_funerals/presidential_funerals.html|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415224822/http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_shows/presidential_funerals/presidential_funerals.html|archivedate=2011-04-15|df=}}</ref> [[Zachary Taylor]] (1850),<ref name="whitehousehistory.org"/> [[Abraham Lincoln]] (1865),<ref>{{cite web|title=President Lincoln's Funeral|publisher=The Lincoln Institute|url=http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/inside.asp?ID=213&subjectID=2|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506234514/http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/inside.asp?ID=213&subjectID=2|archivedate=2011-05-06|df=}}</ref> [[Thaddeus Stevens]] (1868),<ref>{{cite web|title=The funeral of Representative Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania|publisher=United States House of Representatives|url=http://artandhistory.house.gov/highlights.aspx?action=view&intID=332|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602010320/http://artandhistory.house.gov/highlights.aspx?action=view&intID=332|archivedate=2011-06-02|df=}}</ref> [[James A. Garfield]] (1881),<ref name="whitehousehistory.org"/> [[William McKinley]] (1901),<ref name="whitehousehistory.org"/> [[Warren G. Harding]] (1923),<ref name="whitehousehistory.org"/> the [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington)|Unknown Soldier]] of [[World War I]] (1921),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 1: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch1.htm}}</ref> [[William Howard Taft]] (1930),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 2: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch2.htm}}</ref> [[John J. Pershing]] (1948),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 4: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch4.htm}}</ref> the [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington)|Unknown Soldiers]] of [[World War II]] and the [[Korean War]] (1958),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 14: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch14.htm}}</ref> [[John F. Kennedy]] (1963),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 23: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch23.htm}}</ref> [[Douglas MacArthur]] (1964),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 24: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch24.htm}}</ref> [[Herbert Hoover]] (1964),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 25: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch25.htm}}</ref> [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] (1969),<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 29: The Last Salute|publisher=United States Army|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/last_salute/Ch29.htm}}</ref> [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] (1973),<ref>{{cite web|title=Recent Mourning Observations at the White House|publisher=White House Historical Association|url=http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_shows/presidential_funerals/presidential_funerals-recent.html|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921162529/http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_shows/presidential_funerals/presidential_funerals-recent.html|archivedate=2011-09-21|df=}}</ref> [[Ronald Reagan]] (2004),<ref>{{cite news |title=LBJ's 1973 Funeral to Be Model For Farewell to 40th President|publisher=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A18984-2004Jun5.html | date=6 June 2004}}</ref> [[Gerald Ford]] (2006-2007)<ref>{{cite web|title=State Funeral and Tribute|publisher=The Gerald R. Ford Presidential Foundation|url=http://www.geraldrfordfoundation.org/state-funeral-and-tribute/|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008151334/http://www.geraldrfordfoundation.org/state-funeral-and-tribute/|archivedate=2011-10-08|df=}}</ref> and [[George H. W. Bush]] (2018).<ref>{{cite news |title=State funeral of George H.W. Bush: Services at Capitol, National Cathedral, Houston church, Texas A&M|publisher=Dallas Morning News|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2018/12/02/state-funeral-george-hw-bush-services-capitol-national-cathedral-houston-church-texas-am | date=2 December 2018}}</ref>
== Asia/Pasifik ==
== Eropa ==
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