Valide Sultan: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 6:
| insigniacaption =
| image = BustOfAyseHafsaSultan ManisaTurkey.jpg
| caption = Patung [[Ayşe Hafsa Sultan]], Valide Sultan Pertama
| predecessor = Valide Hatun
| successor =
| first_officeholder = [[Ayşe Hafsa Sultan]]
| last_officeholder = Rahime Perestu Sultan
| style = ''Devletlû İsmetlû'' (nama) ''Vâlide Sultân Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri''
Baris 40:
{| class="wikitable"
!Nama
!Nama Lahir dan Asal
!Asal
!Menjadi Valide
!Berhenti menjadi Valide
Baris 47 ⟶ 46:
!Sultan
|-
|align=center|[[Hafsa Sultan]]<br>حفصه سلطان || align="center" |Ayşe, ||align=center| Putriputri [[Kekhanan Krimea]], anak perempuan Meñli I Giray<ref>{{Cite book|title = Istanbul Tour Guide Top 10: a travel guide and tour as with the best local guide|last = |first = |publisher = WanderStories|year = |isbn = 978-9-949-51624-7|location = |pages = |quote = Hafsa Sultan was most likely the daughter of Mengli Giray}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = A moveable empire: Ottoman nomads, migrants, and refugees|last = Kasaba|first = Reşat|publisher = University of Washington Press|year = |isbn = 978-0-295-80149-0|location = |pages = 44|quote = Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of the Crimean ruler Mengli Giray Khan.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation, Volumes 1-3|last = Peter G. Bietenholz, Thomas Brian Deutscher|first = |publisher = University of Toronto Press|year = 2003|isbn = 978-0-802-08577-1|location = |pages = 298|quote = Suleiman i (Solymannus), known in the West as Suleiman the Magnificent, was the son of *Selim i and Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of Mengli Giray}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and his time|last = Halil İnalcık, Cemal Kafadar|first = |publisher = Isis Press|year = 1993|isbn = |location = |pages = |quote = she was a Tatar, a daughter of the Crimean Khan Mengli Giray}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Lettres et poèmes de Charles de Bovelles: édition critique, introduction et commentaire du ms. 1134 de la Bibliothèque de l'Université de Paris|last = Carolus Bovillus|first = |publisher = Champion|year = 2002|isbn = 978-2-745-30658-6|location = |pages = }}</ref> atau seorang budak-selir<ref || alignname="center" | 30 September 1520<br /Atıl>''kenaikan takhta putranya''{{citation ||alignlast=center colspan="2" Atıl|19 Maret 1534 ||alignfirst=center|Esin [[Suleiman I|Suleiman Al Qanuni]] (putra)
|year=1987|title=The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent |page=27|publisher=[[National Gallery of Art]]|isbn=0810918552|quote=Some historians state that she was the daughter of Mengili Giray Han, the ruler of the Crimean Tatars. Others mention that Ayse, another wife of Selim I, was the Crimean princess and give as Hafsa's father a man named Abdulmumin or Abdulhay, and unknon person - suggesting that she was of slave origin.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Alan Fisher|editor-last1=İnalcık|editor-first1=Halil|editor2=Cemal Kafadar|title=Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and His Time|publisher=Isis Press|place=Istanbul|year=1993|chapter=The Life and Family of Süleymân I|pages=9|isbn=975-428-052-5}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |publisher = İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi |title = İslâm Ansiklopedisi | last = Emecen |first=Feridun |date=2010 | chapter = Süleyman I |pages=62–74 |volume = 38 |quote = Information indicating that she was the daughter of the Crimean Khan or was related to the family of Dulkadıroğlu is incorrect.}}
* {{cite book |last=Peirce |first=Leslie |title=The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=40 |date=1993 |isbn=0-19-508677-5}}</ref> || align="center" | 30 September 1520<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |19 Maret 1534 ||align=center| [[Suleiman I|Suleiman Al Qanuni]] (putra)
|-
|align=center|[[Nurbanu Sultan|Afife Nurbanu Sultan]]<br>نور بانو سلطان ||align=center| Cecilia Vernier-Baffo dari Venesia<ref>Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil, ''Cultures in Colors'', page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001</ref> atau Rachel Olivia de Nasi, seorang Yahudi Spanyol<ref>Godfrey Goodwin, ''The Private World of Ottoman Women'', Saqi Book, ISBN 0-86356-745-2, ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001. page 128,</ref>|| align="center" | Venesia atau<br> Spanyol ||align=center| 15 Desember 1574<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |7 Desember 1583 ||align=center| [[Murad III]] (putra)
|-
|align=center|Safiye Sultan<br />صفیه سلطان ||align=center| Sofia<br Baffo ||align=center| />Albania ||align=center| 15 Januari 1595<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center| 9 Januari 1604<br />''diasingkan''|| align="center" | sekitar 1619 || align="center" |[[Mehmed III]] (putra)
[[Ahmed I]] (cucu)
|-
| align="center" | Handan Sultan<br>خندان سلطان ||align=center| Helena ||align=center| <br/>Bosnia atau Yunani. Pelayan di kediaman Gubernur Rumelia. || align="center" | 22 Desember 1603<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya,''
''menjadi valide sultan bersama ibu mertuanya''
----9 Januari 1604
Baris 61 ⟶ 63:
| colspan="2" align="center" |26 November 1605 ||align=center| [[Ahmed I]] (putra)
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" |Halime Sultan<ref>Berdasarkan sumber, nama dari ibunda [[Mustafa I]] tidak diketahui, tetapi dikenal dengan sebutan Halime atau Alime</ref><br>حلیمہ سلطان || rowspan="2" align="center" | Altunşah<br || rowspan="2" align="center" | />Abkhaz ||align=center| 22 November 1617<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya''<br />{{small|(periode pertama)}}
|align=center| 26 Februari 1618<br />''penggulingan putranya''<br />{{small|(periode pertama)}}
| rowspan="2" align="center" | - || rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Mustafa I]] (putra)
Baris 68 ⟶ 70:
| align="center" | 10 September 1623<br />''penggulingan putranya''<br />{{small|(periode kedua)}}
|-
|align=center| [[Kösem Sultan|Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan]]<br>ماه ||align=center|پیکر Anastasiaكوسم سلطان ||align=center| Anastasia<br>Yunani. Lahir di Tinos, [[Republik Venesia]] ||align=center| 10 September 1623<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |2 September 1651 ||align=center| [[Murad IV]] (putra)<br />[[Ibrahim I|Ibrahim]] (putra)<br />[[Mehmed IV]] (cucu)
|-
| align="center" |Turhan Hatice Sultan<br>ترخان ||align=center|خدیجه سلطان Nadia ||align=center| Ruthenia[[Slavia Timur]] ||align=center| 6 Agustus 1648<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya,''
''menjadi valide sultan bersama ibu mertuanya''
----2 September 1651
Baris 77 ⟶ 79:
| colspan="2" align="center" |4 Agustus 1683 ||align=center| [[Mehmed IV]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" |Saliha Dilaşub Sultan<br>صالحه ||align=center|دل Katarinaآشوب سلطان ||align=center| Katarina<br>Serbia{{sfn|İnal|Arşivi|2005|p=27|loc= "Siileyman'in annesi Sirp Katrin yani Dilasiip Hatun"}} ||align=center| 8 November 1687<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |4 Desember 1689 ||align=center| [[Suleiman II]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Sultan<br>رابعه گلنوش سلطان ||align=center| Evmania Voria<br ||align=center| />Yunani ||align=center| 6 Februari 1695<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |6 November 1715 ||align=center| [[Mustafa II]] (putra)<br />[[Ahmed III]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Saliha Sultan<br>صالحه سلطان ||align=center| Alexandra{{sfn|İnal|Arşivi|2005|p=27|loc= "Mahmutun annesi Aleksandra yani Saliha Sultan"}}<br ||align=center| />Yunani.{{sfn|Meram|1977|p=347}} Lahir di [[Istanbul]] ||align=center| 20 September 1730<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |21 September 1739 ||align=center| [[Mahmud I]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Şehsuvar Sultan<br>شهسوار سلطان ||align=center| Maria<br ||align=center| />Serbia<ref name=Sehsuvar>{{harvnb|Meram|1977|p=355|loc= "İkinci Mustafa'nın (Şehsuvar Sultan) takma adlı câriyesi Sırp kızı Mari'den doğan oğlu Üçüncü Osman"}}, {{harvnb|İnal|Arşivi|2005|p=27|loc= "Osman'in annesi Sirp Mari yani §ehsiivar Sultan"}}</ref> ||align=center| 13 Desember 1754<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |April 1756 ||align=center| [[Osman III]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" |Mihrişah Sultan<br>مهر شاه سلطان ||align=center| Agnes<br />Georgia.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Gabor Agoston|author2=Bruce Alan Masters|title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC&pg=PA514|date=1 January 2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7|page=514}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpM3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1117|date=31 December 1987|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-08265-4|page=1117}}</ref> Putri pendeta [[Gereja Ortodoks Georgia|Ortodoks Georgia]]<ref name="Griffe2005">{{cite book|author=H. Mirgül Eren Griffe|title=Galip Ali Paşa Rızvanbegovic-Stocevic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5mIMAQAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Babil|page=55|quote=Ortodoks bir Gürcü papazın kızı olan Mihrişah}}</ref><ref name="Barış2002">{{cite book|author=Y. İzzettin Barış|title=Osmanlı padişahlarının yaşamlarından kesitler, hastalıkları ve ölüm sebepleri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p4ppAAAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi|isbn=978-975-6986-17-2|page=184|quote=Selim'in annesi olan Mihrişah, Gürcistan'dan kaçırılan bir papazın kızıydı}}</ref> ||align=center| 7 April 1789<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |16 Oktober 1805 ||align=center| [[Selim III]] (putra)
| align="center" |Mihrişah Sultan ||align=center| Agnes ||align=center| Georgia ||align=center| 7 April 1789<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |16 Oktober 1805 ||align=center| [[Selim III]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Ayşe Seniyeperver Sultan<br>سینه پرور سلطان ||align=center| Sonia<br ||align=center| />Bulgaria ||align=center| 29 Mei 1807<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center| 28 Juli 1808<br />''penggulingan putra tirinya'' ||align=center| 11 Desember 1828 ||align=center| [[Mustafa IV]] (putra)<ref>[[:tr:Yavuz Bahadıroğlu|Yavuz Bahadıroğlu]], Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları ''(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)'', 15th Ed., 2009, page 395, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2</ref>
|-
| align="center" | Nakşidil Sultan<br>نقش ||align=center|دل سلطان || align="center" | Georgia || align="center" | 28 Juli 1808<br />''kenaikan takhta putra tirinya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |22 Agustus 1817 ||align=center| [[Mahmud II]] (putra tiri)
|-
| align="center" | Bezmiâlem Sultan<br>بزم عالم سلطان ||align=center| Suzanne<br ||align=center| />Yahudi Rusia{{sfn|Meram|1977|p=393|loc= "Bezmiâlem Sultan ... Rus Yahudisin"}} atau keturunan Yahudi Georgia<ref>Palmer, Alan, ''The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire'', p.106. Barnes & Noble Publishing, 1992. ISBN 1-56619-847-X</ref>|| align="center" | 2 Juli 1839<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |2 Mei 1853 ||align=center| [[Abd-ul-Mejid I|Abdülmecid I]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Pertevniyal Sultan<br>پرتو نهال سلطان ||align=center| Hasna Khater<br ||align=center| Circassia/>Kaukasus ||align=center| 25 Juni 1861<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center| 30 Mei 1876<br />''penggulingan putranya'' ||align=center| 5 Februari 1883 ||align=center| [[Abdul Aziz|Abdülaziz I]] (putra)
|-
|align=center|Şevkefza Sultan<br>شوق افزا سلطان ||align=center| Vilma<br ||align=center| />Georgia. Lahir di [[Kekaisaran Rusia]] ||align=center| 30 Mei 1876<br />''kenaikan takhta putranya'' ||align=center| 31 Agustus 1876<br />''penggulingan putranya'' ||align=center| 17 September 1889 ||align=center| [[Murad V]] (putra)
|-
| align="center" | Rahime Perestu Sultan<br>رحيمه پرستو سلطان ||align=center| Rahime Gogen<br ||align=center| />Kaukasus || align="center" | 31 Agustus 1876<br />''kenaikan takhta putra tirinya'' ||align=center colspan="2" |11 Desember 1905 ||align=center| [[Abdul Hamid II]] (putra tiri)<ref>Brookes, Douglass Scott, ''The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher'', p.287. University of Texas Press, 2008. ISBN 0-292-71842-X</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1305/sultan-ii-abdulhamid-han.html|title = Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han|accessdate = 2009-02-06|publisher = [[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)|Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]]}}</ref>
|}
 
Baris 113 ⟶ 115:
|align=center| 26 Februari 1618 (''kenaikan takhta putranya'') – 26 Oktober 1620 (''wafatnya'')
|align=center| [[Osman II]]
|Catatan kekaisaran mencatat tidak adanya ''valide sultan'' pada masa kekuasaan Osman II. Tampaknya Mahfiruz diasingkan dari istana sebelum Osman naik takhta dan tidak dapat mengembalikan kedudukannya kembali. Pengasingan ini menjelaskan ketiadaan Mahfiruz di istana dan makamnya yang berada di kuil Eyüb, bukannya dimakamkan bersama suaminya. Duta Venesia Contarini mengabarkan bahwa pada 1612, sultan menghukum wanita yang melukai Kösem, mungkin wanita itu adalah Mahfiruz.<ref name=":0" /><br>Namun sebagian pendapat menyatakan bahwa Mahfiruz memang sudah meninggal sebelum putranya naik takhta, yaitu sekitar tahun 1610.
|-
| align="center" | Nükhetsezâ
|align=center| Georgia
|align=center| 29 Mei 1807 (''kenaikan takhta putranya'') – 28 Juli 1808 (''penggulingan putranya'')
|align=center| [[Mustafa IV]]
| Tidak dapat menjadi ''valide sultan'' lantaran saat suaminya masih hidup, Ayşe Seniyeperver Sultan adalah istri utama Sultan Abdul Hamid I dan Nükhetsezâ tak diperkenankan menjadi ''valide sultan''.
|}
[[Berkas:Apartments Valide Sultan Topkapi March 2008pano.jpg|262px|jmpl|Rekonstruksi Valide Sultan dan para dayangnya di kamarnya di [[Istana Topkapı|Istana Topkapi]]]]