Wikipedia

Hafsa Sultan: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnyaRevisi selanjutnya →
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 1:
{{Infobox personroyalty
| name = '''Ayse Hafsa Valide Sultan <br>عایشه />حفصه سلطان'''
| image = BustOfAyseHafsaSultan ManisaTurkey.jpg
| caption = Patung dada Hafsa di [[Manisa]]
|image_size =
|caption succession = ''Ayse[[Valide HafsaSultan|Valide Sultan'' di(Ibu [[Manisa]],Suri) [[TurkiUtsmani]]
| reign = 30 September 1520 – 19 Maret 1534
|birth_name = A'ishā ▼
| predecessor =
|birth_date = 1479▼
| successor = [[Nurbanu Sultan]]
|birth_place = [[Krimea]], bagian dari [[Ukraina]] & [[Rusia]] sekarang
▲| birth_name = A'ishā
|death_date = Maret 1534
▲| birth_date = sekitar 1479
|death_place = [[Konstantinopel]]▼
| birth_place =
|death_cause =
| death_date = 19 Maret 1534<ref>{{Cite book|title = The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire|last = Peirce|first = Leslie P.|publisher = Oxford University Press|year = 1993|isbn = 0-19-508677-5|location = |page = 121}}</ref>
|resting_place = [[Yavuz Selim Mosque]], di [[Fatih]], [[Istanbul]]▼
▲| death_place = [[Konstantinopel]], [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
|resting_place_coordinates =
| spouse = [[Selim I]]|Sultan Selim I]]▼
|residence = ▼
| issue = [[Süleyman I|Sultan Süleyman I]]<br />[[Hatice Sultan (putri Selim I)|Hatice Sultan]]<br />[[Fatma Sultan (putri dari Selim I)|Fatma Sultan]]<br/>[[Beyhan Sultan (putri dari Selim I)|Beyhan Sultan]]<br/>Hafsa Sultan
|ethnicity = [[Tatar Krimea]]
|religion full name = [[Islam]]
|known_for house = [[Valide Sultan]] =
| father = Diperdebatkan. Meñli I Giray,<ref name=Williams/> Abd'ûl-Muin,<ref name="Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin">{{cite book|author=[[:tr:Necdet Sakaoğlu|Sakaoğlu, Necdet]]|title=Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=6WUMAQAAMAAJ&q=hafsa+sultan|publisher=Oğlak Yayıncılık|year=2008|pages=148|isbn=978-9-753-29623-6}} (Her name is given as "Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin" in ''Kitâbeler'' by [[:tr:İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı|İ. H. Uzunçarşılı]]. This shows that she was of non-Turkish origin, and later converted to [[Islam]].)</ref><ref name=Atıl/> atau Abdulhay<ref name=Atıl/>
▲|spouse = [[Selim I]]
▲|residence mother =
|children = [[Suleiman I]]<br />Sehzade Orhan<br />[[Sehzade Musa]]<br />Sehzade Korkut<br />[[Hatice Sultan (putri Selim I)]]<br />[[Beyhan Sultan]]<br />[[Sah Sultan]]<br />[[Fatma Sultan (putri Selim I)]]
|parents religion = [[Sahid Khirai KanIslam]]
▲|resting_place burial_place= [[Masjid Yavuz Selim Mosque]], di [[Fatih]], [[Istanbul]]
| consort = yes
}}
 
'''Hafsa Sultan''' ({{lang-ota|{{script|Arab|حفصه سلطان}}19}}, meninggal 19 Maret 1534) atau '''Hafsa Valide Sultan''' adalah seorang [[Valide Sultan|''valide sultan'']] atau [[ibu suri]] [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]] sebagai ibunda dari [[Süleyman I|Sultan Süleyman Al-Qanuni]]. Pada masa putranya naik takhta pada tahun 1520 hingga Hafsa Sultan meninggal pada tahun 1534, ia adalah salah satu tokoh paling berpengaruh di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah karena ia merupakan wali [[de facto|''de facto'']] putranya selama empat belas tahun tersebut.<ref>Pietro Bragadin, [[Republik Venesia|Venetian Republic]]'s ambassador in the early years of [[Suleiman the Magnificent]]'s reign notes "a very beautiful woman of 48, for whom the sultan bears great reverence and love..." {{cite book|title = The Imperial Harem : Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire p. 62 ISBN 0-19-508677-5|author= Leslie Peirce|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year= 1993 }}</ref>
 
== Latar belakang ==
Terdapat perbedaan pendapat mengenai latar belakang Hafsa.
 
Pendapat populer menyatakan bahwa dia adalah seorang putri [[Kekhanan Krimea|Krimea]], anak perempuan Meñli I Giray, [[Khan]] Krimea yang berkuasa pada 1467–1515. Pendapat ini didukung Prof. Brian Glyn Williams.<ref name=Williams>{{citation |last= Glyn Williams|first=Brian|year=2001|title=The Crimean Tatars: The Diaspora Experience and the Forging of a Nation|page=56|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|BRILL]]|isbn=0295801492|quote=Ottoman princes, such as the future Ottoman Sultans Selim I (who married Mengli Giray Khan's daughter, Hafsa Hatun...}}</ref> Reşat Kasaba menyatakan bahwa pernikahan antara Hafsa dan [[Selim I|Sultan Selim I]] merupakan pernikahan terakhir antara pihak Utsmani dengan negara Muslim tetangganya.<ref name=Kasaba>{{citation |last=Kasaba|first=Resat|year=2011|title=A Moveable Empire: Ottoman Nomads, Migrants, and Refugees|page=44|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=0295801492|quote=The last marriage between an Ottoman sultan and a member of a neighboring Muslim royal family was the one between Selim I and Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of the Crimean ruler Mengli Giray Khan.}}</ref>
 
Namun Esin Atıl menyatakan bahwa meski banyak sejarawan yang menyatakan bahwa dia seorang putri Krimea, pendapat lain menyatakan bahwa putri Krimea itu adalah Ayşe Hatun. Menurut pendapat ini, Hafsa adalah seorang budak-selir.<ref Sejarawanname=Atıl>{{citation Alan|last=Atıl|first=Esin Fisher, Leslie Peirce, dan Feridun Emecen sepakat bahwa Hafsa adalah seorang budak-selir dan bukan anak perempuan Meñli I Giray.
|year=1987|title=The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent |page=27|publisher=[[National Gallery of Art]]|isbn=0810918552|quote=Some historians state that she was the daughter of Mengili Giray Han, the ruler of the Crimean Tatars. Others mention that Ayse, another wife of Selim I, was the Crimean princess and give as Hafsa's father a man named Abdulmumin or Abdulhay, and unknon person - suggesting that she was of slave origin.}}</ref> Sejarawan Alan Fisher, Leslie Peirce, dan Feridun Emecen sepakat bahwa Hafsa adalah seorang budak-selir dan bukan anak perempuan Meñli I Giray.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alan Fisher|editor-last1=İnalcık|editor-first1=Halil|editor2=Cemal Kafadar|title=Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and His Time|publisher=Isis Press|place=Istanbul|year=1993|chapter=The Life and Family of Süleymân I|pages=9|isbn=975-428-052-5}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |publisher = İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi |title = İslâm Ansiklopedisi | last = Emecen |first=Feridun |date=2010 | chapter = Süleyman I |pages=62–74 |volume = 38 |quote = Information indicating that she was the daughter of the Crimean Khan or was related to the family of Dulkadıroğlu is incorrect.}}
* {{cite book |last=Peirce |first=Leslie |title=The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=40 |date=1993 |isbn=0-19-508677-5}}</ref>
 
== Ibu pangeran ==
Baris 35 ⟶ 41:
 
== Ibu suri ==
Saat putranya naik takhta sebagai Sultan Süleyman, Hafsa berperan sebagai ibu suri. Sebelum masa Süleyman, seorang ibu suri menyandang gelar ''valide hatun''. Namun dimulai pada masa Süleyman, gelar [[sultan]] tidak hanya khusus disandang penguasa Utsmani, tetapi juga keluarganya. Ibu suri sejak masa itu menyandang gelar ''valide sultan''. Hafsa merupakan non-anggota Wangsa Utsmaniyah pertama yang menyandang gelar sultan. Penggunaan gelar sultan ini sebagai perlambang dalam konsep Utsmani bahwa kekuasaan merupakan "wewenang satu keluarga."<ref>{{Cite book|title = The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire|last = Peirce|first = Leslie P.|publisher = Oxford University Press|year = 1993|isbn = 0-19-508677-5|location =}}</ref>
 
Hafsa juga turut terlibat dalam urusan politik negara. Saat saudara ipar Süleyman, Ferhat Pasya, melakukan tindakan penyimpangan di wilayah pemerintahannya, Hafsa menengahi dan memintakan ampun untuknya kepada Süleyman. Namun Ferhat melakukan hal serupa di kemudian hari, sehingga Süleyman kemudian menghukum mati Ferhat pada November 1524. Saudari Süleyman dan istri Ferhat, [[Beyhan Sultan (putri dari Selim I)|Beyhan Sultan]], yang kesetiaan pada suaminya melampaui keluarga asalnya, menolak tinggal bersama sultan dan keluarganya setelah menjanda dan mengasingkan diri di istananya di Skopje.
Baris 45 ⟶ 51:
 
== Catatan kaki ==
{{reflistReflist|2}}
 
== Bacaan lanjut ==
 
* [[Leslie Peirce|Peirce, Leslie P.]], The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire, [[Oxford University Press]], 1993, ISBN 0-19-508677-5 (paperback).
* Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları ''(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)'', 15th Ed., 2009, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2 (Hardcover).
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{refbegin}}
<div class="references-small">
* {{cite web|url = http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=14037 Plan:6040|title = Hafsa Sultan Complex|publisher=[[Archnet]]|year=2005}}
{{refend}}
<references/>
</div>
 
{{s-start}}
{{s-roy|tr}}
{{succession box|title=[[Daftar Valide Sultan|Valide Sultan]]|before=[[Emine Gülbahar Hatun]]|after=[[Nurbanu Sultan]]|years=1520 - 1534}}
{{s-new|reason=Emine Gülbahar|as=Valide Hatun}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Valide Sultan|Valide Sultan (Ibu Suri) Utsmani]]|years=30 September 1520 – 19 Maret 1534}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Nurbanu Sultan]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Mothers of the Ottoman Sultans}}
 
{{bio-stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ayse Hafsa Sultan}}
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1479]]
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafsa_Sultan"