Kristen Kalsedon: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Baris 9:
Mayoritas umat Kristen [[Ethiopia]], [[Koptik]], [[Suriah]], dan [[Armenia]] menolak definisi Khalsedon, dan kini secara kolektif dikenal sebagai [[Gereja Ortodoks Oriental]]. Namun, beberapa umat Kristen Armenia (khususnya di daerah [[Cappadocia]] dan [[Trebizond]] di [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]) menerima keputusan Konsili Khalsedon dan terlibat dalam polemik melawan [[Gereja Apostolik Armenia]]<ref>{{citation | title = The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Sixth to the Eighteenth Century | first1 = Agop Jack | last1 = Hacikyan | first2 = Gabriel | last2 = Basmajian | first3 = Edward S | last3 = Franchuk}}</ref>, dan gereja-gereja dari tradisi Suriah di antara [[Gereja Katolik Timur]] merupakan gereja Khalsedon. Gereja [[Georgia]], sebagai saudara gereja Armenia, pada awalnya juga menolak Konsili Khalsedon{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}} , namun di awal abad ketujuh mereka ikut kepada [[Gereja Ortodoks Timur]].
== Sejarah ==<!--
Sengketa [[dogma|dogmatis]] yang dibahas dalam [[Council of Chalcedon]] led to the [[Chalcedonian Schism]] thus to the formation of the [[Non-Chalcedonianism|Non-Chalcedonian]] body of churches known as [[Oriental Orthodoxy]]. The Chalcedonian churches remained united with the [[Holy See]] of [[Rome]], the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate]] of [[Constantinople]] (or "New Rome") and the Eastern Orthodox patriarchates of the Middle East (namely [[Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Alexandria]], [[Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch|Antioch]] and [[Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]). Together, these five patriarchates were considered the pillars of [[orthodoxy|orthodox]] [[catholicity|catholic]] [[Christendom]] and of the Chalcedonian confession of faith. During the 6th-century reign of Emperor [[Justinian I]], the five patriarchates were recognised as the [[Pentarchy]], the official ecclesiastical authority of the [[state church of the Roman Empire|Imperial]] [[Christian Church]].
Today, the great majority of Christian denominations can be considered descended from the Pentarchy, subscribing to Chalcedonian Christianity, broadly divided into the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in the predominantly Latin-speaking [[Western Christianity|West]], the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] in the predominantly Greek-speaking [[Eastern Christianity|East]], and the [[Protestantism|Protestant]] denominations created in the wake of the [[Protestant Reformation]]).
The groups that rejected Chalcedon's Christological definition were the majority of the [[Armenian Apostolic Church|Armenian]], [[Coptic Church|Coptic]], and [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian]] Christians, together with a part of the [[Saint Thomas Christians|Indian]] and [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac]] Christians (the latter of which came to be identified as ''[[Syriac Orthodox Church|Jacobites]]''). Today, such groups are known collectively as the Non-Chalcedonian, [[miaphysitism|Miaphysite]], or Oriental Orthodox churches.
Some Armenian Christians, especially in the region of [[Cappadocia]] and [[Trabzon|Trebizond]] inside the [[Byzantine Empire]], accepted the decisions of the Council of Chalcedon and engaged in [[polemics]] against the Armenian Apostolic Church.<ref>{{citation |title=The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Sixth to the Eighteenth Century |first1=Agop Jack |last1=Hacikyan |first2=Gabriel |last2=Basmajian |first3=Edward S |last3=Franchuk}}</ref>
After the conclusion of [[Byzantine-Sasanian War of 572-591]], direct rule of the [[Byzantine Empire]] was extended to all western parts of [[Byzantine Armenia|Armenia]], and soon after that emperor [[Maurice (emperor)|Maurice]] (582-602) decided to strengthen his political control over the entire region by supporting local pro-[[Chalcedonian]] fraction of the Armenian Church. In 593, regional council of western Armenian bishops was convened in the city of [[Theodosiopolis (Armenia)|Theodosiopolis]], and proclaimed allegiance to the [[Chalcedonian Definition]]. The council also elected John (Yovhannes, or Hovhannes) of [[Bagaran (ancient city)|Bagaran]] as new [[Catholicos]] of Chalcedonian Armenians.{{sfn|Meyendorff|1989|p=108-109, 284, 343}}-->
== Rumusan kristologi Kalsedon ==
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