Filipus V dari Makedonia: Perbedaan antara revisi

Setelah Perdamaian Naupactus pada tahun 217 SM, Filipus V berusaha untuk menggantikan pengaruh [[Republik Romawi|Romawi]] di sepanjang pantai timur [[Laut Adriatik|Adriatik]], membentuk aliansi atau memberikan perlindungan pada pulau dan provinsi pantai tertentu seperti [[Lato]] di [[Kreta]]. Mula-mula ia berupaya menyerang [[IllyriaIliria]] dari laut, tetapi dengan keberhasilan terbatas. Ekspedisi pertamnya pada tahun 216 SM harus dibatalkan, sementara ia menderita kehilangan seluruh armada lautnya pada ekspedisi kedua pada tahun 214 SM. Ekspedisi kemudian dari daratan berhasil baik ketika ia merebut [[:en:Lissus|Lissus]] pada tahun 212 SM.

[[Image:ThermoAitolias.jpg|thumb|right|Reruntuhan [[:en:Thermo, Greece|Thermo]] ibukota [[:en:Aetolian League|Liga Aitolia]], suatu kota yang dihancurkandirebut oleh tentara Filipus V.]]

Aliansi Romawi dengan [[:en:Aetolian League|Liga Aitolia]] pada tahun 211 SM secara efektif menetralisir keunggulan Filipus di daratan. Intervensi [[:en:Attalus I of Pergamum|Attalus I ofdari Pergamum]] pada pihak Romawi lebih membuka kelemahan posisi Filipus di Makedonia.<!-- PhilipFilipus wasmampu ablemengambil tokeuntungan take advantage of the withdrawal ofmundurnya Attalus fromdari thedaratan GreekYunani mainlandpada intahun 207 BCSM, alongbersama withdengan Romanketidakaktifan inactivityRomawi anddan themeningkatnya increasing role ofperanan [[:en:Philopoemen|Philopoemen]], the [[:En:strategos|strategos]] of the [[:en:Achaean League|Liga Akhaya]]. Philip andFilipus hisdan troopstentaranya sackedmerebut [[Thermo, Greece|Thermum]], thepusat religiousagamawi anddan political centre ofpolitik [[AetoliaAitolia]]. HisTentaranya troopsmenghancurkan destroyed2000 2,000patung statuesdan andmembawa hauled away vast sums ofpergi treasureharta whichyang includedberlimpah sometermasuk fifteensekitar thousand15000 [[shieldperisai]]s anddan suitsbaju ofperang armsyang the Aetolians had decorated theirmenghiasa [[:en:stoa|stoa]]s withorang Aitolia.<!-- These shields were the armor taken from the enemies of the Aetolians during their previous military victories and included the shields of the [[Gauls]] who had raided Greece in the 3rd century BC.<ref name=" Mackil 2013 ">{{cite book |title=Creating a Common Polity: Religion, Economy, and Politics in the Making of the Greek Koinon |last= Mackil|first= Emily |year= 2013 |publisher= University of California Press |isbn= 9780520953932|quote= When Philip V sacked Thermon in 218, Polybios tells us that his army hauled away some fifteen thousand shields that been laid up in the stoas. Although the number is surely exaggerated, Polybios’s report suggests that the Aitolians had decorated their stoas with armor taken from enemies, and [[Jean Bousquet]] is certainly correct to surmise that at least some of these were Gallic shields taken as booty in 279. Yet the dedication of shields taken from defeated enemies appears to have been a traditional privilege of the Aitolian strategos, and it would be misleading to assume that all or even most of the dedicated armor at Thermon was Gallic. |page= 214}}</ref> Philip V took immense sums of [[gold]] and treasures and then burned down temples and public buildings of the [[Aetolians]].<ref name=" Vandenberg 2007 ">{{cite book |title=Mysteries of the Oracles: The Last Secrets of Antiquity |last= Vandenberg |first= Philipp |year= 2007 |publisher= Tauris Parke Paperbacks |isbn=9781845114022 |quote= Philip V of Macedonia, with whom the Epirotes were in league, exacted terrible revenge for the Aetolian raid the following year. He razed Thermum, the national shrine of the Aetolians and the meeting-place of the Aetolian League, to the ground. Temples and public building were burned down and more than two thousand votive statues were smashed; only statues of the gods themselves were spared. The booty in money and gold was so vast that Philip was able to rebuild his sacred city of Dion at the foot of Olympus, and the Epirotes, the sacred precinct of Dodona, bigger and better than before.|page=37 }}</ref>--> Filipus mampu memaksa orang Aitolia untuk menerima syarat-syaratnya pada tahun 206 SM. Pada tahun berikkutnya ia mampu mengadakan [[:en:Peace of Phoenice|Perdamaian Fenise]] dengan Roma dan para sekutunya.