Kerajaan Franka: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Baris 212:
Pada 732 atau 737 (tarikh masih diperdebatkan para ahli), Karel maju memerangi bala tentara Arab-Berber di antara [[Poitiers]] dan [[Tours]], serta mengalahkan mereka dalam [[Pertempuran Tours|sebuah pertempuran yang menentukan takdir Eropa]]. Kemenangan Karel berhasil membendung gerak maju Arab-Berber ke kawasan utara dari Pegunungan Pirenia. Namun Karel sesungguhnya lebih mencurahkan perhatiannya ke kawasan timur laut, terutama pada orang Saksen, yang ia paksa untuk mempersembahkan upeti sebagaimana telah mereka persembahkan selama berabad-abad kepada raja-raja wangsa Meroving.
 
Tak lama sebelum mangkat pada bulan Oktober 741, Karel bersikap seakan-akan dirinya adalah Raja Negeri Franka dengan membagi negeri itu kepada kedua putranya dari istri pertama, dan hanya menyisakan sebagian kecil dari keseluruhan wilayah (tidak diketahui daerah yang mana) kepada [[Grifo]], putranya yangdari lebihistri mudakedua.<!-- Though there had been no king since Theuderic's death in 737, Charles's sons [[Pepin the Younger]] and [[Carloman, son of Charles Martel|Carloman]] were still only mayors of the palaces. The Carolingians had assumed the regal status and practice, though not the regal title, of the Merovingians. The division of the kingdom gave [[Austrasia]], [[Alemannia]], and [[Thuringia]] to Carloman and Neustria, Provence, and Burgundy to Pepin. It is indicative of the ''de facto'' autonomy of the duchies of Aquitaine (under [[Hunald I|Hunoald]]) and Bavaria (under [[Odilo of Bavaria|Odilo]]) that they were not included in the division of the ''regnum''.
 
After Charles Martel was buried, in the [[Abbey of Saint-Denis]] alongside the Merovingian kings, conflict immediately erupted between Pepin and Carloman on one side and Grifo their younger brother on the other. Though Carloman captured and imprisoned Grifo, it may have been enmity between the elder brothers that caused Pepin to release Grifo while Carloman was on a pilgrimage to Rome. Perhaps in an effort to neutralise his brother ambitions, Carloman initiated the appointment of a new king, [[Childeric III]], drawn from a monastery, in 743. Others have suggested that perhaps the position of the two brothers was weak or challenged, or perhaps there Carloman was merely acting for a loyalist or legitimist party in the kingdom.