Klorin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Pada tahun 1810, [[Humphry Davy|Sir Humphry Davy]] mencoba percobaan ini kembali, dan disimpulkan bahwa substansi ini adalah suatu unsur, dan bukan senyawa.<ref name="krogt5">{{cite web|url=http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Cl|title=17 Chlorine|publisher=Elements.vanderkrogt.net|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123003013/http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Cl|archivedate=2010-01-23|deadurl=no|accessdate=2008-09-12|df=}}</ref> Ia mengumumkan hasilnya ke Royal Society tanggal 15 November tahun itu.<ref name="Greenwood7895">Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 789–92</ref> Pada waktu itu, ia menamai elemen baru ini sebagai "klorin", dari kata yunani χλωρος (''chlōros''), yang berarti hijau-kuning.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Davy|first1=Humphry|date=1811|title=The Bakerian Lecture. On some of the combinations of oxymuriatic gas and oxygene, and on the chemical relations of these principles, to inflammable bodies|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015034564297;view=1up;seq=15|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|volume=101|pages=1–35}} Davy named chlorine on [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015034564297;view=1up;seq=46 p. 32:] "After consulting some of the most eminent chemical philosophers in this country, it has been judged most proper to suggest a name founded upon one of its obvious and characteristic properties — its colour, and to call it ''Chlorine'', or ''Chloric'' gas.* *From χλωρος."</ref> Nama "[[halogen]]", yang berarti "penghasil garam", awalnya digunakan untuk klorin pada tahun 1811 oleh [[Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Schweigger|first1=J.S.C.|date=1811|title=Nachschreiben des Herausgebers, die neue Nomenclatur betreffend|trans-title=Postscript of the editor concerning the new nomenclature|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101076802287;view=1up;seq=295|journal=Journal für Chemie und Physik|language=German|volume=3|issue=2|pages=249–255}} On p. 251, Schweigger proposed the word "halogen": ''"Man sage dafür lieber mit richter Wortbildung ''Halogen'' (da schon in der Mineralogie durch ''Werner's'' Halit-Geschlecht dieses Wort nicht fremd ist) von αλς ''Salz'' und dem alten γενειν (dorisch γενεν) ''zeugen''."'' (One should say instead, with proper morphology, "halogen" (this word is not strange since [it's] already in mineralogy via Werner's "halite" species) from αλς [als] "salt" and the old γενειν [genein] (Doric γενεν) "to beget".)</ref> Istilah Ini kemudian digunakan sebagai istilah umum untuk menggambarkan semua unsur-unsur keluarga klorin (fluor, bromin, yodium), setelah saran dari [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]] pada tahun 1826.<ref>In 1826, Berzelius coined the terms ''Saltbildare'' (salt-formers) and ''Corpora Halogenia'' (salt-making substances) for the elements chlorine, iodine, and fluorine. See: {{cite book|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044092556919;view=1up;seq=195|title=Årsberättelser om Framstegen i Physik och Chemie|first1=Jacob|date=1826|publisher=P.A. Norstedt & Söner|volume=vol. 6|location=Stockholm, Sweden|page=187|language=Swedish|trans-title=Annual Report on Progress in Physics and Chemistry|last1=Berzelius}} From p. 187: ''"De förre af dessa, d. ä. ''de electronegativa'', dela sig i tre klasser: 1) den första innehåller kroppar, som förenade med de electropositiva, omedelbart frambringa salter, hvilka jag derför kallar ''Saltbildare'' (Corpora Halogenia). Desse utgöras af chlor, iod och fluor *)."'' (The first of them [i.e., elements], i.e., the electronegative [ones], are divided into three classes: 1) The first includes substances which, [when] united with electropositive [elements], immediately produce salts, and which I therefore name "salt-formers" (salt-producing substances). These are chlorine, iodine, and fluorine *).)</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Snelders, H. A. M.|date=1971|title=J. S. C. Schweigger: His Romanticism and His Crystal Electrical Theory of Matter|journal=Isis|volume=62|issue=3|page=328|doi=10.1086/350763|jstor=229946}}</ref> Pada tahun 1823, [[Michael Faraday]] membuat klorin cair untuk pertama kalinya,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Faraday|first1=M.|date=1823|title=On fluid chlorine|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015034564487;view=1up;seq=244|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|volume=113|pages=160–164}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200108/history.cfm|title=This Month in Physics History September 4, 1821 and August 29, 1831: Faraday and Electromagnetism|publisher=American Physical Society|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615142343/http://aps.org/publications/apsnews/200108/history.cfm|archivedate=June 15, 2010|deadurl=no|accessdate=2010-05-08|editor=Chodos, Alan|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Faraday.html|title=Michael Faraday|author2=Robertson E. F.|work=School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220051522/http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Faraday.html|archivedate=2010-02-20|deadurl=no|accessdate=2010-05-08|author=O'Connor J. J.|df=}}</ref> dan menunjukkan apa yang kemudian dikenal sebagai "klorin padat" yang memiliki struktur klorin hidrat (Cl₂·H₂O).<ref name="Greenwood7896">Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 789–92</ref>

 

 

 

 

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