Revisi per 25 November 2017 05.01 sunting Glorious Engine (bicara \| kontrib) 251.059 suntingan ←Membuat halaman berisi '{{Infobox military structure \|name=Istana Damaskus \|nativename-a= {{lang\|ar\|قلعة دمشق}} \|location=Damascus, Suriah \|image=[[Berkas:Damaskus4.jpg\|300px]...'		Revisi per 25 November 2017 05.05 sunting balikkan HsfBot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot 1.172.010 suntingan k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika Revisi selanjutnya →
Baris 27: Lokasi istana saat ininya pertama kali dibentengi pada 1076 oleh panglima perang [[orang Turkmen\|Turkman]] [[Atsiz bin Uvaq\|Atsiz bin Uvak]], meskipun diyakini sebuah istana telah berdiri di tempat tersebut pada zaman [[peradaban Hellenistik\|Hellenistik]] dan [[Kekaisaran Romawi\|Romawi]]. == Referensi == {{Reflist\|3}} == Daftar pustaka == {{Refbegin}} * {{citation \|last1=Adorni \|first1=Elisa \|last2=Venturelli \|first2=Giampiero \|year=2010 \|title=Mortars and Stones of the Damascus Citadel (Syria) \|journal=International Journal of Architectural Heritage \|volume=4 \|issue=4 \|pages=337–350 \|doi=10.1080/15583050903121851 }} * {{Citation \|last1=Allen\|first1=Terry \|year=1999 \|title=Ayyubid Architecture \|publisher=Solipsist Press\|location= Occidental\|isbn=0-944940-02-1 \|url=http://sonic.net/~tallen/palmtree/ayyarch/}} * {{Citation\|last1=Berthier \|first1=Sophie \|editor1-first=Hugh \|editor1-last=Kennedy \|title=Muslim Military Architecture in Greater Syria: From the Coming of Islam to the Ottoman Period \|series=History of Warfare \|volume=35 \|year=2006 \|publisher=Brill \|location=Leiden \|isbn=90-04-14713-6 \|pages=151–164 \|chapter=La Citadelle de Damas: les apports d'une étude archéologique \|language= French }} * {{Citation \|title=Damascus: A History \|last=Burns \|first=Ross \|year=2005 \|publisher=Routledge \|location=Milton Park \|isbn=0-415-27105-3 }} * {{Citation \|title=The Citadel of Damascus \|last=Chevedden \|first=Paul \|year=1986 \|publisher=U.M.I. Dissertation Information Service \|location=Ann Arbor \|oclc=640193186}} * {{Citation \|title=Arab Historians of the Crusades \|last=Gabrieli \|first=Francesco \|year=1984 \|publisher=University of California Press \|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-05224-6 }} * {{citation \|title=Die ayyūbidischen Toranlangen der Zitadelle von Damaskus. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des mittelalterlichen Festungsbauwesen in Syrien \|last=Hanisch \|first=Hanspeter \|year=1996 \|publisher=Ludwig Reichert \|location=Wiesbaden \|isbn=3-88226-886-7 \|language= German }} * {{Citation \|title=The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives \|last=Hillenbrand \|first=Carole \|authorlink=Carole Hillenbrand \|year=2000 \|publisher=Routledge \|location=New York \|isbn=978-0-415-92914-1 }} * {{Citation \|last=Hillenbrand \|first=Carole \|authorlink=Carole Hillenbrand \|editor1-first=Jonathan \|editor1-last=Phillips \|editor2-first=Martin \|editor2-last=Hoch \|title=The Second Crusade: Scope and Consequences \|year=2001 \|publisher=Manchester University Press \|location=Manchester \|isbn=978-0-7190-5711-3 \|pages=111–132 \|chapter=The Career of Zengi }} * {{Citation \|title=From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260 \|last=Humphreys \|first=R. Stephen \|year=1977 \|publisher=SUNY Press \|location=Albany \|isbn=978-0-87395-263-7 }} * {{Citation \|last=Kedourie \|first=Elie \|authorlink=Elie Kedourie \|year=1964 \|title=The Capture of Damascus, 1 October 1918 \|journal=Middle Eastern Studies \|volume=1 \|issue=1 \|pages=66–83 \|doi=10.1080/00263206408700005 }} * {{Citation \|title=A History of Egypt in the Middle Ages \|last=Lane-Poole \|first=Stanley \|authorlink=Stanley Lane-Poole \|year=1901 \|publisher=Charles Scribner's \|location=New York \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kipLAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false \|oclc=455336208}} * {{Citation \|title=Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem \|last=Lane-Poole \|first=Stanley \|authorlink=Stanley Lane-Poole \|year=1906 \|publisher=G.P. Putnam's \|location=London \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M7pIVpjuyw0C \|oclc=448994737}} * {{Citation \|title=The Second Crusade 1148: Disaster Outside Damascus \|last=Nicolle \|first=David \|year=2009 \|publisher=Osprey \|location=Oxford \|isbn=978-1-84603-354-4 }} * {{Citation \|last=Phillips \|first=Jonathan \|editor-first=Jonathan \|editor-last=Riley-Smith \|title=The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades \|year=2001 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|location=Oxford \|isbn=978-0-19-285428-5 \|pages=112–140 \|chapter=The Latin East 1098–1291 }} * {{Citation \|title=A History of the Crusades: The Kingdom of Acre and the later Crusades \|last=Runciman \|first=Steven \|authorlink=Steven Runciman \|year=1987 \|publisher=Cambridge University Press \|location=Cambridge \|isbn=978-0-521-34772-3 }} * {{Citation \|last1=Wright \|first1=Quincy \|year=1926 \|title=The Bombardment of Damascus \|journal=American Journal of International Law \|volume=20 \|issue=2 \|pages=263–280 \|doi=10.2307/2188917 }} {{Refend}} == Bacaan tambahan == * {{Citation \|last1=Bessac \|first1=Jean-Claude \|last2=Boqvist \|first2=Marianne \|year=2005 \|title=Les chantiers de construction de la citadelle de Damas: méthodologie et résultats préliminaires \|journal=Arquelogía de la Arquitectura \|volume=4 \|pages=237–249 \|issn=1989-5313 \|url=http://arqarqt.revistas.csic.es/index.php/arqarqt/article/view/85/82 \|language=French }} * {{Citation \|last1=Sauvaget \|first1=Jean \|authorlink=Jean Sauvaget\|year=1930 \|title=La citadelle de Damas \|journal=Syria \|volume=11 \|issue=1 \|pages=59–90 \|doi=10.3406/syria.1930.3486 \|language=French }} == Pranala luar == {{Commons category\|Damascus Citadel\|Citadel of Damascus}} * [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/entrees-thematiques_830/echanges-scientifiques-recherche-archeologie_20149/archeologie-sciences-humaines-sociales_1058/les-carnets-archeologie_5064/orient-ancien_5067/syrie-citadelle-damas_19031/publications-parues-sur-citadelle-damas_64199.html List of publications on the citadel]{{dead link\|date=September 2017 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} (in French) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071024201005/http://www.nmdcsyria.org/photo_gallery/photo_gallery.htm Additional pictures from the restoration project]

Istana Damaskus: Perbedaan antara revisi