Fransiskus dari Sales: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox Saint
|name=Santo Fransiskus dari Sales
|birth_date=1567
|death_date={{death date|1622|12|28|df=y}}
|feast_day=[[24 January]]<br />[[29 January]] ([[General Roman Calendar]], 1666-1969)
|venerated_in=[[Gereja Katolik Roma]], [[Gereja Anglikan]]
|image=Franz von Sales.jpg
|imagesize=200px
|caption=
|birth_place=[[Château de Thorens]], [[Savoy]]
|death_place=[[Lyon]], [[Perancis]]
|titles=Uskup, Pengaku Iman dan Doktor Gereja
|beatified_date=8 Januari 1662
|beatified_place=Roma
|beatified_by=[[Paus Aleksander VII]]
|canonized_date=19 April 1665
|canonized_place=Roma
|canonized_by=Paus Aleksander VII
|attributes=[[Hati Kudus Yesus]], Mahkota Duri
|patronage=[[Baker, Oregon]]; [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]; Catholic press; [[Columbus, Ohio]]; para pengaku dosa; tuna rungu; pendidik; [[Upington]], South Africa; [[Wilmington, Delaware]]; penulis; jurnalis
|major_shrine=[[Annecy]], [[Perancis]]
|suppressed_date=
|issues=
|prayer=O love eternal, my soul needs and chooses you eternally!<br />
Ah, come Holy Spirit, and inflame our hearts with your love!<br />
To love -- or to die!<br />
To die -- and to love!<br />
To die to all other love in order to live in Jesus' love, so that we may not die eternally;<br />
but that we may live in your eternal love, O Savior of our souls, we eternally sing, "Live, Jesus!<br />
Jesus, I love!<br />
Live, Jesus, whom I love!<br />
Jesus, I love, Jesus who lives and reigns forever and ever.<br />
AMEN
|prayer_attrib=Treatise on the Love of God by Saint Francis de Sales
}}
'''Santo Fransiskus dari Sales''' (dalam [[Bahasa Perancis]] '''St François de Sales''') (21 Agustus 1567 – 28 Desember 1622) adalah Uskup [[Jenewa]], [[Swiss]], dan seorang Santo Katolik Roma. Ia berkarya untuk mengubah iman kaum Protestan untuk kembali ke agama Katolik, dan ia juga seorang penginjil yang sukses. Ia dikenal atas karya-karya tulisnya mengenai arahan spiritual dan pembentukan spiritual (termasuk diantaranya ''Pendahuluan pada Kehidupan Beriman''), dan topik-topik religius lainnya.
Fransiskus dibeatifikasi oleh [[Paus Aleksander VII]] pada tahun 1661 dan dikanonisasi oleh paus yang sama pada tahun 1665. Ia ditetapkan sebagai salah seorang Doktor Gereja oleh [[Paus Pius IX]] pada tahun 1877.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/DESALES.htm | title=St. Francis de Sales, Bishop, Doctor of the Church | work=Lives of Saints | publisher=[[EWTN]] | author=John J. Crawley | accessdate=2008-01-14}}</ref>
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== Childhood and youth ==
Francis de Sales was born at [[Château de Thorens]] into a [[Savoy]]ard noble family in what is today France. His father was François de Boisy and his mother was Françoise de Sionnz. The first of twelve children, he enjoyed a privileged education in [[La Roche]] and Annecy; his spiritual formation and academics were formed by the Jesuits (The [[Society of Jesus]]). His father only wanted him to attend the best schools. In 1578 at the age of 12 he went to the [[Lycée Louis-le-Grand|Collège de Clermont]] in [[Paris]]. A year later Francis was engulfed in a personal crisis when after attending a theological discussion about [[predestination]] became convinced that he was damned to [[Hell]]. In December 1586 his despair was so great that he was physically ill and even bedridden for a time. In January 1587 he visited the Church of Saint-Etienne des Grès (St. Stephen) with great difficulty. There his crisis ended, and he decided to dedicate his life to [[God]]. Francis came to the conclusion that whatever God had in store for him was good, because God is Love, as Scripture attests. This faithful devotion to the God of love not only expelled his doubts, but also influenced the rest of his life and his teachings. His way of teaching Catholic spirituality is often referred to as the Way of Divine Love, or the Devout Life (the Holy Life), taken from a book he wrote of a similar name: ''Introduction to the Devout Life. ''
==Formation==
In 1588 Francis transferred from The University of Paris in [[Paris]] to the [[University of Padua]] where he studied both [[law]] and [[Theology]]. There he made up his mind about becoming a [[priest]]. Intelligent and handsome, DeSales went through various conversion experiences that moved his heart to serve God rather than money or the world. One incident included his sword falling to the ground while riding a horse, and crossing another sword, making the sign of The Cross. DeSales took this, among other signs, that Christ was calling him to a life of sacrifice and self-giving love for The Church.
==Graduation==
In 1592 he ended his studies with the promotion to doctor certified in both Law and Theology. He made the pilgrimage to [[Loreto]] Italy, famous for its Shrine to the Virgin Mary, before going home. At home his father had already secured a variety of positions for his son, one of which was a position on the Senate of [[Chambéry]]. It was difficult for Francis's father to accept that his son had already chosen a vocation rather than a career.
After studying the humanities, [[rhetoric]], [[theology]], and [[law]] at La Roche, [[Annecy]], Paris, and [[Padua]], he famously refused to marry the wealthy heiress his father had chosen as his bride, preferring a clerical career. The intervention of [[Claude de Granier]], then [[bishop of Geneva]], won him [[Holy Orders|ordination]] and appointment as [[provost (religion)|provost]] of the cathedral chapter of Geneva in 1593.
== The Old Faith ==
[[Berkas:Franz von Sales Bischofswappen.jpg|thumb|left|Heraldic device of [[Saint Francis de Sales]]]]
Since the [[Protestant Reformation|Reformation]], the seat of the bishops of Geneva had been located at [[Annecy]] in [[Savoy]], due to [[Calvinist]] control of Geneva itself. Francis, in his capacity as provost, engaged in enthusiastic campaigns of evangelism among the [[Protestants]] of Savoy, winning many returns to the Old Faith. He also traveled to [[Rome]] and [[Paris]], where he forged alliances with [[Pope Clement VIII]] and the French King [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]].
St. Francis developed a sign language in order to teach a deaf man about God. Because of this, he is the patron saint of the deaf.
In 1602, Bishop Granier died, and Francis was consecrated bishop of Geneva himself. During his years as bishop, he garnished a reputation as a spellbinding preacher and something of an [[ascetic]]; in particular, he was known as a friend of the poor, a man of almost supernatural affability and understanding. These last qualities come through wonderfully in his famous books. He died on [[28 December]] [[1622]] in [[Lyon]], while he travelled in the entourage of [[Charles Emmanuel I]], [[Duke]] of Savoy.
St. Francis de Sales was [[beatified]] in 1661 by [[Pope Alexander VII]], who then [[canonized]] him in 1665. In 1877, [[Pope Pius IX|Blessed Pius IX]] declared him a [[doctor of the Church|Doctor of the Universal Church]]. The Roman Catholic Church today celebrates his feast on [[24 January]], the day of his burial in [[Annecy]] in 1624.<ref>''Calendarium Romanum'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 115</ref> From 1666, when his feast day was inserted in the [[General Roman Calendar]], until 1969 it was observed on [[29 January]].
In 1923 [[Pope Pius XI]] proclaimed him a patron of writers and journalists, because of the books he wrote, the most famous of which was ''Introduction à la vie dévote'' ("[[Introduction to the Devout Life]]"). He also left the mystical ''Traité de l' Amour de Dieu'' ("[[Treatise on the Love of God]]") and many highly valued letters of spiritual direction. He was a notably clear and gracious stylist in [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Latin]].
St Francis de Sales is buried at the [[basilica]] of the [[Visitation (Christian)|Visitation]], [[Annecy]]. Many [[miracle]]s have been reported at his [[shrine]]. The [[relic]] of his heart was kept at [[Lyon]], whence during the [[French Revolution]] it was moved to [[Venice]], where it is venerated today.
Along with [[Saint Jane Frances de Chantal]], Francis founded the women's [[Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary]] in Annecy on [[6 June]] [[1610]].
The [[order (religious)|order]] of the [[Salesians of Don Bosco]], founded by [[Giovanni Melchior Bosco|St John Bosco]] in 1859 (approved by the [[Holy See]] in 1874), is named after him. Likewise the [[Oblates of St. Francis de Sales]] (OSFS), founded by [[Louis Brisson]] and the [[Missionaries of St. Francis de Sales]], founded by Peter Mermier in 1830.
The island [[St. François Atoll|St. François]] is named in honor of Francis de Sales.
[[DeSales University]], located in Center Valley, PA (formerly Allentown College of St. Francis de Sales), is named for St. Francis de Sales and is a Catholic liberal arts college administered by the [[Oblates of St. Francis de Sales]].
[[Salesianum|Salesianum School]], an all boys private school in Wilmington, Delaware, which is named after him, is also run by the [[Oblates of St. Francis de Sales]].
François de Sales is recognized as exemplary in the [[Church of England]], where his ''memoria'' is also on [[24 January]], and in the [[Church in Wales]], when his memorial is moved to [[23 January]], due to a conflict with [[Cadoc|St Cadoc]].
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== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
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== Pranala luar ==
{{commonscat|Francis de Sales}}
{{wikiquote-en|Francis de Sales}}
* [http://www.franz-von-sales.de International Commission on Salesian Studies] All about St. Francis de Sales worldwide
* [http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=51 Francis de Sales bio at Catholic.org]
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* [http://www.memoware.com/?screen=doc_detail&doc_id=18376 ''The Catholic Controversy'']
* [http://www.oblates.org/spirituality/spiritual_conferences/ ''Spiritual Conferences'']
{{Doktor Gereja}}
[[Kategori:Doktor Gereja]]
[[Kategori:Santo dan Santa]]
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