Kesenjangan sosial: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib)
←Membuat halaman berisi '{{sosiologi}} Berkas:Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index 2014.svg|thumb|right|255px|Peta dunia yang menunjukkan Indeks Pengembangan Manusia terkait Ketidaks...'
 
HsfBot (bicara | kontrib)
k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika
Baris 5:
'''Ketidaksetaraan sosial''' terjadi saat sumber daya yang diberikan dalam masyarakat tak merata, biasanya melalui [[norma]] alokasi, yang meliputi susunan spesifik di sepanjang garis kategori sosial seseorang. Ini merupakan pembedaan preferensi dari akses barang-barang sosial di masyarakat yang dibawa oleh penguasa, agama, kekerabatan, prestise, ras, etnisitas, gender, usia dan kelas. Hak sosial meliputi pasar buruh, sumber pendapatan, perawatan kesehatan dan kebebasan berpendapat, pendidikan, perwakilan politik dan partisipasi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Piketty phenomenon and the future of inequality|last=WADE|first=R.H.|publisher=Real-world economics review|year=2014|isbn=|location=|pages=2–17|quote=|via=}}</ref> Ketidaksetaraan sosial berkaitan dengan [[ketidaksetaraan ekonomi]], yang biasanya dideskripsikan atas dasar [[ketidaksetaraan pemasukan|distribusi pemasukan]] atau [[kekayaan]] yang tak merata, merupakan tipe studi lanjutan dari ketidaksetaraan sosial. Melalui disiplin-disiplin [[ekonomi]] dan [[sosiologi]] yang umumnya menggunakan teori berbeda untuk meneliti dan menjelaskan ketidaksetaraan ekonomi, kedua bidang tersebut aktif terlihat dalam [[penelitian]] ketidaksetaraan tersebut. Namun, sumber daya alam dan sosial selain sumber daya ekonomi murni juga tak tersebar dalam sebagian besar masyarakat dan berkontribusi pada [[status sosial]]. Norma-norma alokasi dapat berdampak pada distribusi [[hak]] dan [[kewajiban]], [[kekuasaan (sosial dan politik)|kekuasaan sosial]], akses pada barang-[[barang publik]] seperti [[pendidikan]] atau [[yudisier|sistem yudisial]], [[ketidaksetaraan perumahan|perumahan]], [[transportasi]], [[kredit (keuangan)|kredit]] dan [[jasa keuangan]] seperti [[perbankan]] dan [[barang]] dan jasa sosial lainnya.
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em}}
 
== Bacaan tambahan ==
* {{cite journal | last1 = Abel | first1 = T | year = 2008 | title = Cultural capital and social inequality in health | url = | journal = [[Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health]] | volume = 62 | issue = 7| page = e13 | doi=10.1136/jech.2007.066159}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Acker | first1 = Joan | year = 1990 | title = Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: a theory of gendered organizations | url = | journal = [[Gender and Society]] | volume = 4 | issue = | pages = 139–58 | doi=10.1177/089124390004002002}}
* Bourdieu, Pierre. 1996.''The State Nobility: Elite Schools in the Field of Power'', translated by Lauretta C. Clough. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Brennan | first1 = S | year = 2009 | title = Feminist Ethics and Everyday Inequalities | url = | journal = [[Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy|Hypatia]] | volume = 24 | issue = 1| pages = 141–159 | doi=10.1111/j.1527-2001.2009.00011.x}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Brenner | first1 = N | year = 2010 | title = Variegated neoliberalization: geographies, modalities, pathways | url = | journal = Global networks | volume = 10 | issue = 2| pages = 182–222 | doi=10.1111/j.1471-0374.2009.00277.x}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Coburn | first1 = D | year = 2004 | title = Beyond the income inequality hypothesis: class, neo-liberalism, and health inequalities | url = | journal = [[Social Science & Medicine]] | volume = 58 | issue = 1| pages = 41–56 | doi=10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00159-x}}
* Esping-Andersen, Gosta. 1999. "The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism." In ''The Welfare State Reader'' edited by Christopher Pierson and Francis G. Castles. Polity Press.
* {{cite book|last1=Wilkinson|first1=Richard|last2=Pickett|first2=Kate|title=The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better|year=2009|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-1-84614-039-6}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Frankfurt | first1 = H | year = 1987 | title = Equality as a Moral Ideal | url = | journal = Ethics | volume = 98 | issue = 1| pages = 21–43 | doi=10.1086/292913}}
* Cruz, Adrienne and Sabine Klinger (2011). [http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---gender/documents/publication/wcms_155763.pdf Gender-based violence in the world of work] International Labour Organization
* {{cite journal | last1 = Goldthorpe | first1 = J. H. | year = 2010 | title = Analysing Social Inequality: A Critique of Two Recent Contributions from Economics and Epidemiology | url = | journal = European Sociological Review | volume = 26 | issue = 6| pages = 731–744 | doi=10.1093/esr/jcp046}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Irving | first1 = D | year = 2008 | title = Normalized transgressions: Legitimizing the transsexual body as productive | url = | journal = [[Radical History Review]] | volume = 100 | issue = | pages = 38–59 | doi=10.1215/01636545-2007-021}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Jin | first1 = Y. | last2 = Li | first2 = H. | display-authors = etal | year = 2011 | title = Income inequality, consumption, and social-status seeking | url = | journal = [[Journal of Comparative Economics]] | volume = 39 | issue = 2| pages = 191–204 | doi=10.1016/j.jce.2010.12.004}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Lazzarato | first1 = M | year = 2009 | title = Neoliberalism in Action: Inequality, Insecurity and the Reconstitution of the Social | url = | journal = [[Theory, Culture & Society]] | volume = 26 | issue = 6| pages = 109–133 | doi=10.1177/0263276409350283}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Mandel | first1 = Hadas | year = 2012 | title = Winners and Losers: The Consequences of Welfare State Policies for Gender Wage Inequality | url = | journal = European Sociological Review | volume = 28 | issue = | pages = 241–262 | doi=10.1093/esr/jcq061}}
* Ortiz, Isabel & Matthew Cummins. 2011. Global Inequality: Beyond the Bottom Billion – A Rapid Review of Income Distribution in 141 Countries. ''United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)'', New York.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Pakulski | first1 = J. | last2 = Waters | first2 = M. | year = 1996 | title = The Reshaping and Dissolution of Social Class in Advanced Society | url = | journal = [[Theory and Society]] | volume = 25 | issue = 5| pages = 667–691 | doi=10.1007/bf00188101}}
* Piketty, Thomas (2014). ''Capital in the 21st century''. Belknap Press.
* Sernau, Scott (2013). ''Social Inequality in a Global Age'' (4th edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
* Stanley, E. A. 2011. "Fugitive flesh: Gender self-determination, queer abolition, and trans resistance." In E. A. Stanley & N. Smith (Eds.), ''Captive genders: Trans embodiment and the prison industrial complex'' (pp.&nbsp;1–14). Edinburgh, UK: AK Press.
* [[Joseph Stiglitz|Stiglitz, Joseph]]. 2012. ''The Price of Inequality''. New York: Norton.
* United Nations (UN) [[Inequality adjusted Human Development Index|Inequality-adjusted Human Development Report]] (IHDR) 2013. [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP).
* Weber, Max. 1946. "Power." In ''Max Weber: Essays in Sociology''. Translated and Edited by H.H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills. New York: Oxford University Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Weeden | first1 = K. A. | last2 = Grusky | first2 = D. B. | year = 2012 | title = The Three Worlds of Inequality | url = | journal = American Journal of Sociology | volume = 117 | issue = 6| pages = 1723–1785 | doi=10.1086/665035}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Wright | first1 = E. O. | year = 2000 | title = Working-Class Power, Capitalist-Class Interests, and Class Compromise | url = | journal = American Journal of Sociology | volume = 105 | issue = 4| pages = 957–1002 | doi=10.1086/210397}}
 
== Pranala luar ==