|
'''Kuliah Gifford''' adalah kuliah-kuliah yang diadakan berdasarkan kehendak [[Adam Gifford|Adam Lord Gifford]] (meninggal [[1887]]). Kuliah-kuliah ini diselenggarakan untuk "meningkatkan dan menyebarkan studi tentang Teologi Alamiah dalam pengertian yang seluas-luasnya —— dengan kata lain, pengetahuan tentang Allah." Istilah [[teologi alamiah]] sebagaimana digunakan oleh Gifford berarti teologi yang didukung oleh ilmu pengetahuan dan tidak tergantung pada hal-hal yang ajaib. Kuliah-kuliah ini disampaikan di [[Skotlandia|universitas-universitas di Skotlandia]] yaitu: [[Universitas Edinburgh]], [[Universitas Aberdeen]], [[Universitas St Andrews]], dan [[Universitas Glasgow]].
Penunjukan seseorang untuk membawakan kuliah-kuliah Gifford adalah salah satu kehormatan yang paling bergengsi di bidang [[humaniora]]. Mereka biasanya disampaikan sebagai suatu rangkaian sepanjang satu tahun akademik dan diharapkan bahwa isinya setelah disunting kelak dapat diterbitkan dalam bentuk buku. Beberapa di antaranya telah menjadi buku klasik dalam bidang [[teologi]] atau [[filsafat]] dan hubungannya dengan ilmu pengetahuan.
== Kuliah-kuliah penting ==
=== Aberdeen ===
*1936–38 1936–38 [[Karl Barth]] ''The Knowledge of God and the Service of God according to the Teaching of the Reformation''
*1951–52 1951–52 [[Michael Polanyi]] ''Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy'', ISBN 02266728830-226-67288-3
*1952–54 1952–54 [[Paul Tillich]] ''Systematic Theology'' (3 vols.): ISBN 02268033760-226-80337-6, ISBN 02268033840-226-80338-4, ISBN 02268033920-226-80339-2
*1982–84 1982–84 [[Richard Swinburne]] ''The Evolution of the Soul'', ISBN 01982369800-19-823698-0
*1984–85 1984–85 [[Freeman Dyson]] ''[[Infinite In All Directions]]'', ISBN 00607288920-06-072889-2
*1989–91 1989–91 [[Ian Barbour]] ''Religion in an Age of Science'', ISBN 00606038360-06-060383-6
*1992–93 1992–93 [[Jaroslav Pelikan ]] ''Christianity and Classical Culture: The Metamorphosis of Natural Theology in the Christian Encounter With Hellenism'', ISBN 03000625590-300-06255-9
=== Edinburgh ===
*1891 [[George Gabriel Stokes]] ''Natural Theology''
*1900–02 1900–02 [[William James]] ''[[The Varieties of Religious Experience]]'', ISBN 06796401180-679-64011-8 (diterbitkan dalam beberapa edisi)
*1913–14 1913–14 [[Henri Bergson]] ''The Problem of Personality''
*1926–27 1926–27 [[Arthur Eddington]] ''The Nature of the Physical World'', ISBN 04720601550-472-06015-5
*1927–28 1927–28 [[Alfred North Whitehead]] ''Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology'', ISBN 00293457070-02-934570-7
*1928–29 1928–29 [[John Dewey]] ''The Quest for Certainty: A Study of the Relation of Knowledge and Action'', ISBN 14179084591-4179-0845-9
*1934–35 1934–35 [[Albert Schweitzer]] ''The Problem of Natural Theology and Natural Ethics'' (tidak diterbitkan)
*1938–40 1938–40 [[Reinhold Niebuhr]] ''The Nature and Destiny of Man: A Christian Interpretation '', (2 vol set): ISBN 06642570970-664-25709-7
*1949–50 1949–50 [[Niels Bohr]] ''Causality and Complementarity: Epistemological Lessons of Studies in Atomic Physics'', ISBN 18819871401-881987-14-0
*1952–53 1952–53 [[Arnold J. Toynbee]] ''An Historian's Approach to Religion'', ISBN 01921526020-19-215260-2
*1954–55 1954–55 [[Rudolf Bultmann]] ''History and Eschatology: The Presence of Eternity'', ISBN 08371812320-8371-8123-2
*1973–74 1973–74 [[Owen Chadwick]] ''The Secularisation of the European Mind in the 19th Century'', ISBN 05213982900-521-39829-0
*1974–76 1974–76 [[Stanley Jaki]] ''The Road of Science and the Ways to God'', ISBN 02263914500-226-39145-0
*1978–79 1978–79 [[Sir John Eccles]] ''The Human Mystery'', ''The Human Psyche'', ISBN 03870995490-387-09954-9
*1979–80 1979–80 [[Ninian Smart]] "The Varieties of Religious Identity", published as ''Beyond Ideology: Religion and the Future of Western Civilisation'', ISBN 00606740240-06-067402-4
*1980–81 1980–81 [[Seyyed Hossein Nasr]] ''Knowledge and the Sacred'', ISBN 07914017740-7914-0177-4
*1981–82 1981–82 [[Iris Murdoch]] ''Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals'', ISBN 01401723270-14-017232-7
*1984–85 1984–85 [[Jürgen Moltmann]] ''God in Creation: A New Theology of Creation and the Spirit of God'', ISBN 08006282330-8006-2823-3
*1986–87 1986–87 [[John Hick]] ''An Interpretation of Religion'', (edisi ke-2): ISBN 03001066880-300-10668-8
*1993–94 1993–94 [[John Polkinghorne]] ''Science and Christian Belief: Theological Reflections of a Bottom-up Thinker'', ISBN 02810471460-281-04714-6
*1997–98 1997–98 [[Holmes Rolston III]] ''Genes, Genesis and God'', ISBN 052164674X0-521-64674-X
*2002–03 2002–03 [[Michael Ignatieff]] ''The Lesser Evil - Political Ethics in an Age of Terror'', ISBN 06911175190-691-11751-9
*2004–05 2004–05 [[Dame Margaret Anstey]], [[Stephen Toulmin]], dan [[Noam Chomsky]], yang menyampaikan serangkaian kuliah yang dipersembahkan kepada [[Edward Said]] yang dijadwalkan untuk menyampaikan rangkaian kuliah pada 2004–20052004–2005 sebelum wafatnya pada 2003.
=== Glasgow ===
*1927–281927–28 [[JBS Haldane]] ''The Sciences and Philosophy'', ISBN 040460479X0-404-60479-X
=== St Andrews ===
*1955–56 1955–56 [[Werner Heisenberg]] ''Physics and Philosophy: The Revolution in Modern Science'', ISBN 15739269491-57392-694-9
*1972–73 1972–73 [[Alfred Ayer]] ''The Central Questions of Philosophy'', ISBN 00301311620-03-013116-2
*2001–02 2001–02 [[Stanley Hauerwas]] ''With the Grain of the Universe: The Church's Witness and Natural Theology'', ISBN 15874301691-58743-016-9
*2004–05 2004–05 [[Alvin Plantinga]] ''Science and Religion: Conflict or Concord''
== Pranala luar ==
*[http://www.giffordlectures.org/online.asp Kuliah Gifford Online] memberikan teks lengkap kuliah-kuliah yang hak ciptanya sudah kadaluwarsa.
[[Kategori:Filsafat agama]]
| 