José Raúl Capablanca: Perbedaan antara revisi

|image = [[ImageBerkas:Timecapablanca.jpg|220px]]

'''José Raúl Capablanca y Graupera''' ([[19 November]] [[1888]] –– [[8 Maret]] [[1942]]) adalah seorang pemain [[catur]] kelas dunia asal [[Kuba]] pada awal hingga pertengahan abad ke-20. Ia memegang gelar [[juara catur dunia]] dari [[1921]] hingga [[1927]].

Capablanca yang disebut oleh banyak sejarahwan catur sebagai [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|MozartMozartnya]]nya catur, adalah seorang jago catur yang kecerdasannya sudah terlihat sejak ia masih kecil. Richard Réti berkata tentang dia 'Catur adalah bahasa ibunya'.

In 1913, Capablanca played in his home town of [[Havana]] where he came in second to [[Frank Marshall]]. He lost one of their individual games after having a much better position.[http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1001096] [[Reuben Fine]] claimed that Capablanca had the mayor clear all the spectators so they wouldn't see him resign, and this story has uncritically circulated in books and around the Internet. However, Winter's book below (pp. 47–4847–48) documents that Fine's story has no basis whatever. Instead, there were 600 spectators present, who naturally favored their native hero, but sportingly gave Marshall "thunderous applause". Marshall's own notes corroborated this—whenthis—when he heard the roar, he thought that the crowd was going to kill him, and he asked for security escort "and quickly rushed over to my hotel. Afterwards I was told they were cheering for me."

In October 1913 to March 1914 Capablanca traveled to Europe on his way to the Consulate at St Petersburg to play matches or exhibition games against their leading masters. In serious games, he scored 19 wins, 4 draws, and 1 loss during that period. First, he defeated [[Jacques Mieses]] and [[Richard Teichmann]] in Berlin, next beat [[Aron Nimzowitsch]] in an elegant opposite-colored [[bishop (chess)|bishop]] [[endgame]].[http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1284173] in Riga. Then in Sankt Petersburg, he played a six-game series, two games against [[Alexander Alekhine]], [[Eugene Znosko-Borovsky]] and [[Fyodor Dus-Chotimirsky]], losing once to Znosko-Borovsky and winning the rest—hisrest—his first encounters with Alekhine, who was outclassed;[http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1011878],[http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1011876] In 1914, he beat Bernstein in Moscow in a game listed in many anthologies as a brilliancy for winning move ...Qb2!! and for the new strategy with [[Chess terminology#H|hanging pawn]]s,[http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1261680]. In Kiev, he won among others against [[Fedor Bogatyrchuk]]. Then in Vienna he defeated both [[Richard Réti]] and [[Savielly Tartakower]] 1.5-0.5 each. Capablanca also gave many simultaneous exhibitions noted for their speed and very high winning scores.

* ''A Primer of Chess'' oleh José Raúl Capablanca (Pendahuluan oleh [[Benjamin Anderson]]. Aslinya terbit pada 1935. Harvest Books, November 2002, ISBN 01560280770-15-602807-7)

* ''Chess Fundamentals'' oleh José Raúl Capablanca (Aslinya diterbitkan pada 1921. Everyman Chess, Oktober 1994, ISBN 18574407301-85744-073-0) Revisi dan pemutakhiran oleh [[Nick de Firmian]] pada 2006, ISBN 0-8129-3681-7.

* ''My Chess Career'' oleh José Raúl Capablanca (Hardinge Simpole Limited, October 2003, ISBN 18438209191-84382-091-9)

*''World's Championship Matches, 1921 and 1927'' oleh José Raúl Capablanca (Dover, June 1977, ISBN 04862318950-486-23189-5)

years= 1921–19271921–1927 |

[[CategoryKategori:GrandmasterJuara catur dunia]]

[[CategoryKategori:Pecatur Kuba]]

[[CategoryKategori:Kematian karena stroke]]

[[CategoryKategori:KematianKelahiran 19421888]]