Intel 8086: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''8086''' merupakan sebuah chip [[mikroprosesor]] 16-[[bit]] rancangan [[Intel]] pada tahun [[1978]] yang membangkitkan penggunaan arsitektur [[x86]]. Tidak lama kemudian, [[Intel 8088]] diperkenalkan dengan bus 8-bit external, yang memungkinkan penggunaan [[chipset]] yang murah.
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Shortly after, the [[Intel 8088]] was introduced with an external 8-bit bus, allowing the use of cheap chipsets. It was based on the design of the [[Intel 8080|8080]] and [[Intel 8085|8085]] (it was [[assembly language]] [[source-compatibility|source-compatible]] with the 8080) with a similar register set, but was expanded to 16 bits. The Bus Interface Unit fed the instruction stream to the Execution Unit through a 6 byte prefetch queue, so fetch and execution were concurrent
It featured four 16-bit general [[processor register|registers]], which could also be accessed as eight 8-bit registers, and four 16-bit index registers (including the [[stack pointer]]). The data registers were often used implicitly by instructions, complicating register allocation for temporary values. It featured 64K 8-bit I/O (or 32K 16 bit) ports and fixed vectored interrupts. Most instructions could only access one memory location, so one operand had to be a register. The result was stored in one of the operands.
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Typical execution times in cycles (estimates):
*addition:
*multiplication:
*move: 2 (register), 8+
*near jump:
*far jump: 15, 24+EA (memory access)
EA: time to compute effective address, ranging from 5 to 12 cycles
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