Iyar: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Hebrew month|letname= Iyar (אִייָר)|previouslink= Nisan|previousletter=Nisan |nextlink= Siwan|nextletter= Siwan |num=2|days=29|season=semi|gregorian=April–Mei|filename=| size=280px| name=Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Negara Israel|caption=Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Negara Israel,<br>diperingati pada [[Yom Ha'atzmaut]],<br> diproklamirkan oleh [[David Ben-Gurion]],<br>[[Perdana Menteri]] pertama Israel<br>pada tanggal 5 Iyar 5708 (tahun Yahudi).}}

 

 

== Ziw ==

 

== Sejarah Yahudi ==

* 1165 - [[Maimonides]] diselamatkan

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<small>Pemerintah [[Britania Raya]] mengumumkan bahwa Mandat Inggris atas Palestina akan berakhir pada tanggal 15 Mei 1948. Karena 15 Mei jatuh pada hari [[Sabat]], pemimpin Yahudi di Palestina memproklamirkan kemerdekaan Negara Israel pada hari Jumat, 14 Mei 1948, sebelum matahari terbenam (5 Iyar 5708). Hari Kemerdekaan Israel (''Israel Independence Day'') diperingati setiap tanggal 5 Iyar.</small>

 

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*<small>The rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem was celebrated with great jubilation nearly 88 years after they were destroyed by [[Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylonia|Nebuchadnezzar of Babylonia]].</small>

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'''11 Iyar'''

<small>1500 buku-buku Yahudi disita di kota [[Frankfurt am Main]], [[Jerman]] atas hasutan orang-orang yang beralih agama (Meshumad) pada tanggal 11 Iyar.</small>

* 1881 - Huru-hara anti Yahudi di Wasilkow dan Konotop, [[Rusia]]

<small>The [[Israel Defense Forces|Israeli Army]] defeated the advancing [[Military of Syria|Syrian Army]], following the shelling at the entrance of Deganya, which began at sunrise and lasted nine hours. It is considered the first Israeli victory following the start of the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War|War of Independence]].</small>

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<small>Kota Bern mempunyai sejarah yang panjang mengenai pengusiran orang Yahudi dan huru-hara anti Yahudi.</small>

 

:<small>During the four months of the trial over one hundred witnesses testified against him. Eichmann took the stand and used the defense that he was just obeying orders. "Why me", he asked. "Why not the local policemen, thousands of them? They would have been shot if they had refused to round up the Jews for the death camps. Everybody killed the Jews." Eichmann was found guilty on all counts, sentenced to death and hanged at Ramleh Prison on May 31, 1962. </small>

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<small>A few months prior to her death, Empress [[Catherine I]], the second wife of [[Peter the Great]], expelled all Jews from the Ukraine.</small>

<small>The [[Nazi]] Nuremberg Laws, depriving Jews the rights citizenship, were passed by the government of Nazi Germany in 1935. In 1939, on the 16th of Iyar, the laws went into effect in Nazi-allied Hungary.</small>

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<small>[[Dachau concentration camp|Dachau]] was the first [[Nazi]] [[Nazi concentration camp|concentration camp]] and the model for the other concentration camps. During the war, 200,000 Jews were housed in Dachau. More than 30,000 were killed and tens of thousands died due to the conditions and spread of disease in the camp.</small>

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'''20 Iyar'''

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<small>Almost a year following, On the 20th of Iyar 2449 (1312 [[Common Era|BCE]])--nearly a year after the Giving of the [[Torah]] on Mount Sinai—the [[The Children of Israel|Children of Israel]] departed their encampment near the Mountain. They resumed their journey when the pillar of cloud rose for the first time, from over the "Tabernacle—the divine sign that would signal the resumption of their travels throughout their encampments and journeys over the next 38 years, until the reached the eastern bank of the [[Jordan river|Jordan River]] on the eve of their entry into the [[Holy Land]].</small>

*<small>During the [[First crusade|First Crusade]], the crusaders are locked out of Cologne, Germany and the local Jews are saved, following the orders of the local bishop to close the gates to the city. In a number of local provinces, where the local bishop tried to avert the masses from harming the Jews, the Bishop would have to escape for his own safety.</small>

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<small>Sekitar 1200 orang Yahudi dibantai oleh massa Arab Kristen di daerah Yahudi di kota [[Toledo]]</small>

* 942 - Rabbi [[Saadia Gaon]] meninggal

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'''27 Iyar'''

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<small>[[Adolf Eichmann]] was hanged at Ramleh Prison in Israel following his trial and conviction for his crimes against the Jewish people, crimes against humanity and war crimes during World War II. Eichmann was a key party in implementing of Hitler's infamous "final solution." The height of his "career" was reached in Hungary in 1944, when he managed to transport 400,000 Jews to the gas chambers in less than five weeks.</small>