Suku Tanka: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Chinese
|c=1. 蜑家/疍家<br>2. 艇家<br>3. 水上人<br>4. 曲蹄<br>5. 蜑民<br>6. 曲蹄囝
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|l=1. Dàn (telur/vermin/..., hanya diucapkan pada keluarga-keluarga [[Tiongkok Standar|Tiongkok Modern]])<br>2. pemegang rumah perahu<br>3. suku di atas air<br>4. crooked hoof, bowlegged<br>5. orang Dàn<br>6. crooked hoof children; bowlegged children
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'''Tanka''' adalah sebuah kelompok masyarakat yang tinggal di atas perahu jung di pesisir [[Guangdong]], [[Guangxi]], [[Fujian]], [[Hainan]], [[Zhejiang]], [[Hong Kong]] dan [[Makau]]. Walaupun mereka sekarang banyak yang telah tinggal di atas tanah, beberapa orang tua masih ada yang hidup di atas perahu dan menjadi nelayan. Dahulu orang Tanka dianggap sebagai kelompok yang terbuang. Oleh orang Inggris dan Tionghoa, mereka dijuluki sebagai "gipsi dari laut". Asal mula orang Tanka diperkirakan berasal dari suku asli Tiongkok Selatan yang terdesak ke laut dan perlahan mengadopsi kebudayaan Tionghoa.
Sejumlah kecil orang Tanka yang tinggal di Vietnam disebut Đàn, dianggap bagian dari suku Ngái.
== Marga ==
[[Tanka Fuzhou]] memiliki marga yang berbeda dari Tanka Guangdong.<ref>Hansson, p. 117: Unless a change of surnames occurred for some unknown reason, or unless the ' water names' are not the real names of the Fujian boat people, it would seem that the Dan people lacked Chinese-style surnames at the time the Fujian branch</ref> Catatan Qing mengindikasikan bahwa "Weng, Ou, Chi, Pu, Jiang, dan Hai" adalah marga Tanka Fuzhou.<ref>Hansson, p. 116: In a late Qing dynasty work which has a section on boat people that mainly refers to those in Fujian, common surnames are said to be Weng 翁 ('old fisherman'), Ou 歐, Chi 池 (pond), Pu 浦 (tepi sungai), Jiang 江 (sungai) dan Hai 海 (laut). None of those surnames is a very common one in China and a few are very rare.</ref> Catatan Qing juga menyatakan bahwa marga-marga Tanka di Guangdong terdiri dari "Mai, Pu, Wu, Su, dan He", selain itu beberapa orang mengklaim bahwa Gu dan Zeng adalah marga asli Tanka.<ref>Hansson, p. 116: Some of them list the five names Mai 麥, Pu 濮, Wu 吴, Su 蘇 and He 何 The Huizhou prefectural gazetteer even states that there are no other boat people surnames, while others also add Gu 顧 and Zeng 曾 to make seven</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em}}
== Daftar pustaka ==
* {{cite book|author=Chaves, Jonathan|title=Singing of the source: nature and god in the poetry of the Chinese painter Wu Li|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IbAjJ0B2OGoC&pg=PA53|year=1993|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=0-8248-1485-1}}
* {{cite book|author=Christina Miu Bing Cheng|title=Macau: a cultural Janus|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-Gr51C1eS1oC&pg=PA173|year=1999|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=962-209-486-4}}
* {{cite book|title=Correspondence respecting the alleged existence of Chinese slavery in Hong Kong: presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty Volume 3185 of C (Series) (Great Britain. Parliament)|year=1882|author=Great Britain. Parliament|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hswPjsESizYC&pg=PA55|publisher=Printed by G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O.|edition=reprint}}
* {{PD-old-text|title=Europe in China: the history of Hongkong from the beginning to the year 1882|year=1895|author=Eitel, Ernest John}}
* {{cite book|author=João de Pina-Cabral|title=Between China and Europe: person, culture and emotion in Macao|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=GglrUksvCUcC&pg=PA39|volume=Volume 74 of London School of Economics monographs on social anthropology|year=2002|publisher=Berg|isbn=0-8264-5749-5}}
* {{cite book|author=Hansson, Anders|title=Chinese outcasts: discrimination and emancipation in late imperial China|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4Ibp1RTW0AoC&pg=PA119|volume=Volume 37 of Sinica Leidensia|year=1996|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10596-4}}
* {{PD-old-text|title=The Century dictionary: an encyclopedic lexicon of the English language, Part 21|year=1891|author=Whitney, William Dwight}}
* {{PD-old-text|title=The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary ... prepared under the superintendence of William Dwight Whitney ... rev. & enl. under the superintendence of Benjamin E. Smith|year=1911|author=Whitney, William Dwight and Smith, Benjamin Eli}}
* {{PD-old-text|title=The Middle kingdom: a survey of the ... Chinese empire and its inhabitants ...|year=1848|author= Williams, Samuel Wells}}
* {{PD-old-text|title=The Field afar, Volumes 15–16|year=1921|author=Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America, Catholic Foreign Mission Bureau of Boston}}
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