Kodein: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 456481929
| IUPAC_name = (5α,6α)-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-ol
| image = Codein - Codeine.svg
| image2 = Codeine3D.png
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename =
| synonyms = 3-Methylmorphine
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|codeine}}
| MedlinePlus = a682065
| legal_AU = S3 / S4 / S8
| legal_CA = Schedule I
| legal_DE = Anlage III
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Schedule II
| pregnancy_AU = A
| pregnancy_US = C
| dependency_liability = High
| routes_of_administration = Mulut, rectal, [[Subcutaneous injection|SC]], [[intramuskular|IM]]
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = Melalui mulut: ~90%
| metabolism = [[Hati]]: [[CYP2D6]] (ke [[morfin]]), [[CYP3A4]] (to [[norcodeine]]), [[UGT2B7]] (to 3- and 6-[[glucuronide]]s of codeine, norcodeine, and morphine)<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Shen H, He MM, Liu H | title = Comparative metabolic capabilities and inhibitory profiles of CYP2D6.1, CYP2D6.10, and CYP2D6.17 | journal = Drug Metab. Dispos. | volume = 35 | issue = 8 | pages = 1292–300 |date=August 2007 | pmid = 17470523 | doi = 10.1124/dmd.107.015354 | url = |display-authors=etal}}</ref>
| elimination_half-life = 2.5–3 jam
| onset = 15–30 menit<ref name=AHFS2016 />
| duration_of_action = 4–6 jam<ref name=AHFS2016 />
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 76-57-3
| ATC_prefix = R05
| ATC_suffix = DA04
| ATC_supplemental = <br />combinations: {{ATC|N02|AA59}}, {{ATC|N02|AA79}}
| PubChem = 5284371
| IUPHAR_ligand = 1673
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00318
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 4447447
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = UX6OWY2V7J
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C06174
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16714
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 485
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=18 | H=21 | N=1 | O=3
| molecular_weight = 299.364 g/mol
| smiles = CN1CC[C@]23C4=C5C=CC(OC)=C4O[C@H]2[C@@H](O)C=C[C@H]3[C@H]1C5
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C18H21NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3-6,11-13,17,
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N
}}
'''Kodeina''' atau '''kodein''' ({{lang-en|codeine, methylmorphine}}) ialah [[asam opiat]] [[alkaloid]] yang dijumpai di dalam [[candu]] dalam konsentrasi antara 0,7% dan 2,5%. Kebanyakan kodein yang digunakan di [[Amerika Serikat]] diproses dari [[morfin]] melalui proses [[metilasi]].
Baris 41 ⟶ 96:
[[Kategori:Alkaloid]]
[[Kategori:Antitusif]]
[[Kategori:Alkena]]
[[Kategori:Fenol eter]]
[[Kategori:Opiat]]
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