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* {{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam | edition=CD-ROM v. 1.0 | year=1999 | article=Ghazw | publisher=Brill}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam | edition=CD-ROM v. 1.0 | year=1999 | article=Ghāzī | publisher=Brill}}
* {{cite book | author=[[Bernard Lewis|Lewis, Bernard]] | title=The Political Language of Islam | publisher=University of Chicago Press | year=1991 | isbn=0-226-47693-6}}, p. 74
* {{cite book | author=Firestone, Reuven | title=Jihad: The Origins of Holy War in Islam | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=1999 | isbn=0-19-512580-0}}, p. 34
* {{cite book | author=Peters, Rudolph | title=Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam: A Reader | publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers | year=1996 | isbn=1-55876-109-8}}
** [[Averroes]], ''Bidāyat al-Mujtahid wa-Nihāyat al-Muqtasid''
* {{cite book | author=Wittek, Paul; & Heywood, Colin, translator | title=The Rise of the Ottoman Empire | publisher=Curzon Press | year=2002 | isbn=0-7007-1500-2}}
* {{cite book | author=Holt, Peter M., ed. | title=The Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 1, The Central Islamic Lands | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=1970 | isbn=0-521-07567-X}}
* {{cite book | author=Robinson, Chase | title=Islamic Historiography | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2002 | isbn=0-521-62936-5}}
* {{cite journal |last1= Rid |first1= Thomas |doi= 10.1080/09546550903153449 |title= Razzia: A Turning Point in Modern Strategy |journal= Terrorism and Political Violence |year= 2009 |volume= 21 |pages= 617–635 |issue= 4 }}
* Kaziev, Shapi. [http://www.kaziev.ru/index/imam_shamil/0-44 Imam Shamil. "Molodaya Gvardiya" publishers. Moscow, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2010. ISBN 978-5-235-03332-0]