Ganj Dareh
Koordinat: 34°27′N 48°07′E / 34.450°N 48.117°E
Tepe Ganj Dareh (Persia: تپه گنج دره; "Bukit Lembah Khazanah",[1] merupakan sebuah permukiman Neolitik di bagian Kurdistan sebelah Iran. Letaknya di timur Kermanshah, di pertengahan wilayah Zagros.[1]
Pertama kali ditemukan pada tahun 1965, ia digali oleh para peneliti purba Kanada bernama Philip Smith pada 1960-an dan 1970-an.[1][2]
Peninggalan permukiman terlama berusia sekitar 10,000 tahun,[3] serta membuahkan bukti domestikasi kambing terlama di dunia.[4][5][6]
Peninggalan tersebut diklasifikasikan dalam lima tahap pendudukan, yaitu dari A di atas hingga E.[7]
Rujukan sunting
- ^ a b c Smith, Philip E.L. Architectural Innovation and Experimentation at Ganj Dareh, Iran Diarsipkan 2023-07-28 di Wayback Machine., World Archaeology, Vol. 21, No. 3 (February, 1990), pp. 323-335
- ^ Smith, Philip E.L., Ganj Dareh Tepe Diarsipkan 2015-09-24 di Wayback Machine., Paleorient, Vol. 2, Issue 2-1, pp.207-09 (1974)
- ^ Zeder, Melinda A. & Hesse, Brian. The Initial Domestication of Goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago Diarsipkan 2011-07-17 di Wayback Machine., Science (journal) 287, 2254 (2000)
- ^ What's Bred in the Bone Diarsipkan 2016-06-04 di Wayback Machine., Discover, Julai 2000 ("After investigating bone collections from ancient sites across the Middle East, she found a dearth of adult male goat bones—and an abundance of female and young male remains—from a 10,000-year-old settlement called Ganj Dareh, in Iran's Zagros Mountains. This provides the earliest evidence of domesticated livestock, Zeder says.")
- ^ Harris, David R. (ed.) The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia, ms. 208, 249-52 (UCL Press 1996) (Reprint ISBN 978-1-85728-538-3)
- ^ Natural History Highlight: Old Goats In Transition Diarsipkan 2015-12-20 di Wayback Machine., National Museum of Natural History (Julai 2000)
- ^ Yelon, A., et al. Thermal Analysis of Early Neolithic Pottery From Tepe Ganj Dareh, Iran Diarsipkan 2016-10-22 di Wayback Machine., in Materials issues in art and archaeology III (1992)
Bibliografi sunting
- Agelarakis A., The Palaeopathological Evidence, Indicators of Stress of the Shanidar Proto-Neolithic and the Ganj-Dareh Tepe Early Neolithic Human Skeletal Collections. Columbia University, 1989, Doctoral Dissertation, UMI, Bell & Howell Information Company, Michigan 48106.
- Robert J. Wenke: "Patterns in Prehistory: Humankind's first three million years" (1990)
Pranala luar sunting
- Natural History Highlight: Old Goats In Transition Diarsipkan 2015-12-20 di Wayback Machine., National Museum of Natural History (July 2000)