Film noir adalah sebuah istilah sinematik yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan gaya film Hollywood yang menampilkan drama-drama kriminal, khususnya yang menekankan keambiguan moral dan motivasi seksual. Periode film noir klasik Hollywood biasanya dianggap merentang dari awal 1940-an hingga akhir 1950-an. Film noir dari masa ini dihubungkan dengan gaya visual hitam-putih dalam pencahayaan yang rendah yang berakar dalam sinematografi ekspresionis Jerman, sementara banyak dari cerita-cerita prototipnya dan sikap noir yang klasik berasal dari aliran fiksi detektif yang muncul di Amerika Serikat pada masa Depresi.

Foto dari The Big Combo (1955) ini memperlihatkan gaya visual film noir dalam bentuknya yang paling ekstrem. John Alton, sinematografer film, menciptakan banyak gambar-gambar yang menjadi ikon film noir.

Istilah film noir (bahasa Prancis, yang artinya "film kelam"), pertama kali diberikan kepada film-film Hollywood oleh kritikus Prancis Nino Frank pada 1946, tak dikenal oleh kebanyakan profesional industri film Amerika pada era itu. Para sejarahwan dan kritikus film mendefinisikan kanon film noir di kemudian hari; banyak di antara mereka yang terlibat dalam pembuatan film-film noir klasik belakangan mengakui bahwa mereka tanpa sadar telah menciptakan suatu jenis film yang khas.

Referensi sunting

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