Blok perdagangan

(Dialihkan dari Blok dagang)

Blok perdagangan atau blok dagang adalah perjanjian antarpemerintah yang bertujuan mengurangi atau menghapus hambatan dagang (tarif dan lain-lain) antara negara-negara yang menandatanganinya. Perjanjian ini biasanya bagian dari organisasi antarpemerintah regional.

Blok perdagangan bisa berupa perjanjian terpisah antara beberapa negara (misalnya Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas Amerika Utara) atau bagian dari organisasi regional (misalnya Uni Eropa). Blok perdagangan dapat dibagi sesuai tingkat integrasi ekonominya: kawasan perdagangan preferensial, kawasan perdagangan bebas, persatuan pabean, pasar bersama, atau persatuan ekonomi dan moneter.[1]

Daftar blok perdagangan sunting

Istilah sunting

Pasar bersama (common market) merupakan tahap integrasi ekonomi untuk mencapai persatuan ekonomi[2] atau pasar terpadu (unified market).

Pasar tunggal (single market) adalah blok dagang yang melenyapkan sebagian besar hambatan perdagangan barang.

Statistik sunting

Blok dagang Jumlah penduduk Produk domestik bruto (USD) Anggota
2006 2007 pertumbuhan per kapita
Persatuan ekonomi dan moneter
EMU 324,879,195 10,685,946,928,310 12,225,304,229,686 14.41% 37,630
OECS 593,905 3,752,679,562 3,998,281,731 6.54% 6,732
OII 504,476 12,264,278,329 14,165,953,200 15.51% 28,081
CCCM 6,418,417 39,616,485,623 43,967,600,765 10.98% 6,850
EEA 499,620,521 14,924,076,504,592 17,186,876,431,709 15.16% 34,400
Persatuan pabean dan moneter
CEMAC 39,278,645 51,265,460,685 58,519,380,755 14.15% 1,490
UEMOA 90,299,945 50,395,629,494 58,453,871,283 15.99% 647
Persatuan pabean
CAN 96,924,486 281,269,141,372 334,172,968,648 18.81% 3,448
4
EAC 127,107,838 49,882,030,443 61,345,180,041 22.98% 483
5
EUCU 574,602,745 15,331,827,900,202 17,679,376,474,719 15.31% 30,768
33
GCC 36,154,528 724,460,151,595 802,641,302,477 10.79% 22,200
MERCOSUR 271,304,946 1,517,510,000,000 1,886,817,000,000 12.44% 9,757
SACU 58,000,000 1,499,811,549,187 1,848,337,158,281 23.24% 6,885
Kawasan perdagangan preferensial dan kawasan perdagangan bebas
AANZFTA-ASEAN+3 2,085,858,841 10,216,029,899,764 11,323,947,181,804 10.84% 5,429
15
ALADI 499,807,662 2,823,198,095,131 3,292,088,771,480 16.61% 6,587
12
AFTZ 553,915,405 643,541,709,413 739,927,625,273 14.98% 1,336
APTA 2,714,464,027 4,868,614,302,744 5,828,692,637,764 19.72% 2,147
CARIFORUM-EUCU-OCTs 592,083,950 15,437,771,092,522 17,798,283,524,961 15.29% 30,060
CACM 37,388,063 87,209,524,889 97,718,800,794 12.05% 2,614
CEFTA 27,968,711 110,263,802,023 135,404,501,031 22.80% 4,841
CISFTA 272,897,834 1,271,909,586,018 1,661,429,920,721 30.62% 6,088
11
DR-CAFTA-US 356,964,477 13,345,469,865,037 14,008,686,684,089 4.97% 39,244
ECOWAS 283,096,250 215,999,071,943 255,784,634,128 18.42% 904
15
EFTA-SACU 68,199,991 1,021,509,931,918 1,139,385,636,888 11.54% 16,707
9
EAEC 207,033,990 1,125,634,333,117 1,465,256,182,498 30.17% 7,077
NAFTA 449,227,672 15,337,094,304,218 16,189,097,801,318 5.56% 36,038
TPP 25,639,622 401,810,366,865 468,101,167,294 16.50% 18,257
SAARC 1,567,187,373 1,162,684,650,544 1,428,392,756,312 22.85% 911
SPARTECA 35,079,659 918,557,785,031 1,102,745,750,172 20.05% 31,435
21
Pacific Alliance 218,649,115 1,371,197,216,140 1,525,825,175,045 11.28% 6,978
4
Data bersumber dari   Divisi Statistik PBB.

Lihat pula sunting

Referensi sunting

  1. ^ Mansfield and Milner 2005, 333.
  2. ^ http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection-R/LoPBdP/inbrief/prb0249-e.htm.  Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)

Daftar pustaka sunting

  • Mansfield, Edward D. and Helen V. Milner, "The New Wave of Regionalism" in Diehl, Paul F. (2005). The Politics of Global Governance: International Organizations in an Interdependent World. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-654-8. 
  • Milner, Helen V., "International Trade" in Carlsnaes, Walter; Thomas Risse; Beth A. Simmons (2002). Handbook of International Relations. London: SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-6304-2. 
  • O'Loughlin, John; Luc Anselin (1996). "Geo-Economic Competition and Trade Bloc Formation: United States, German, and Japanese Exports, 1968-1992". Economic Geography. 72 (2): 131–160. doi:10.2307/144263. JSTOR 144263. 
  • Schott, Jeffrey J. (1991). "Trading blocs and the world trading system". World Economy. 14 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.1991.tb00748.x.