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Ateisme Marxis‒Leninis

Ateisme Marxis–Leninis (bahasa Rusia: марксистско-ленинский атеизм), yang juga dikenal sebagai ateisme saintifik Marxis-Leninis, adalah sebuah bagian dari filsafat Marxis–Leninis (jenis filsafat Marxis yang ditemukan di Uni Soviet), yang irelijius dan anti-rohaniwan,[1][2] sementara pada saat yang bersamaan mendukung pemahaman materialis.[3][4] Marxisme–Leninisme memandang bahwa agama adalah candu masyarakat, dalam hal mempromosikan penerimaan pasif di Bumi dengan harapan pemberian abadi. Sehingga, Marxisme-Leninisme mengadvokasikan peniadaan agama dan penerimaan ateisme.[5] Selain itu, ateisme saintifik Marxis-Leninis juga dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan "asal muasal agama", serta mengajarkan "kritikan saintifik terhadapnya".[3] Ateisme Marxis–Leninis telah berakar dalam filsafat Ludwig Feuerbach, G.W.F. Hegel, Karl Marx, dan Vladimir Lenin.[6]

Beberapa Marxis non-Soviet menentang pendirian anti-agama tersebut, dan dalam bentuk pemikiran Marxis tertentu, seperti gerakan teologi pembebasan di Amerika Latin dan lainnya, ateisme Marxis–Leninis ditolak secara menyeluruh.[7]

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  1. ^ Василий Михайлович Лендьел (1965). Современное христианство и коммунизм (dalam bahasa Russian). Мысль. Марксистско-ленинский атеизм является системой материалистических иаучно обоснованных взглядов, отвергающих веру ... 
  2. ^ Институт научного атеизма (Академия общественных наук) (1981). Вопросы научного атеизма (dalam bahasa Russian). Изд-во "Мысл". марксистско-ленинский атеизм всем своим содержанием «аправлен на развитие способностей личности. Религия лишает человека его собственного «я», раздваивает сознание, создает для него условия ... 
  3. ^ a b Thrower, James (1983). Marxist-Leninist "scientific Atheism" and the Study of Religion and Atheism in the USSR (dalam bahasa English). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9789027930606. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2016. As an integral part of the Marxist-Leninist world-view, 'scientific atheism' is grounded in the view of the world and of man enshrined in dialectical and historical materialism: The study of scientific atheism brings to light an integral part of the Marxist-Leninist world-view. Being a philosophical science, scientific atheism emanates from the basic tenets of dialectical an historical materialism, both in explaining the origin of religion and its scientific criticism of it. (ibid., p. 272) 
  4. ^ Анатолий Агапеевич Круглов (1983). Основы научного атеизма (dalam bahasa Russian). Беларусь. Высшей формой является марксистско-ленинский атеизм *. Он опирается на материалистическое понимание не только природы (что было свойственно и домарксистскому атеизму) , но и общества. Последнее позволило на ... 
  5. ^ Vladimir Lenin, in Novaya Zhizn No. 28, December 3, 1905, as quoted in Marxists Internet Archive. "Religion is one of the forms of spiritual oppression which everywhere weighs down heavily upon the masses of the people, over burdened by their perpetual work for others, by want and isolation... Those who toil and live in want all their lives are taught by religion to be submissive and patient while here on earth, and to take comfort in the hope of a heavenly reward... Religion is opium for the people. Religion is a sort of spiritual booze, in which the slaves of capital drown their human image, their demand for a life more or less worthy of man."
  6. ^ Slovak Studies, Volume 21. The Slovak Institute in North America. p231. "The origin of Marxist-Leninist atheism as understood in the USSR, is linked with the development of the German philosophy of Hegel and Feuerbach."
  7. ^ Richard L. Rubenstein, John K. Roth (1988). The Politics of Latin American Liberation Theology. Washington Institute Press. ISBN 0-88702-040-2. There were, however, Marxist voices that pointed out the disadvantages of such antireligious policies. 

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  • Husband, William."Godless communists": atheism and society in Soviet Russia, 1917-1932 Northern Illinois University Press. 2002. ISBN 0-87580-595-7.
  • Marsh, Christopher.Religion and the State in Russia and China: Suppression, Survival, and Revival. Continuum International Publishing Group. 2011. ISBN 1-4411-1247-2.
  • Pospielovsky, Dimitry.A History of Marxist–Leninist atheism and Soviet antireligious policies. Macmillan. 1987. ISBN 0-333-42326-7.
  • Thrower, James.Marxist–Leninist scientific atheism and the study of religion and atheism in the USSR. Walter de Gruyter. 1983. ISBN 90-279-3060-0.

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